疾病经济负担研究方法案例分析
[摘要] 近年来，疾病经济负担相关问题的研究，已经成为卫生经济研究领域的重要课题之一，测算居民疾病经济负担，探讨疾病经济负担的分布特点及影响疾病经济负担的各种因素等为研究疾病经济负担的主要方向，不同的研究方向，需要不同的研究方法。文章按疾病经济负担的组成部分进行分类，通过案例分析，总结以往研究成果，分别举例阐述了各种计算方法的适用条件和计算过程，并简要剖析了各自的优缺点及研究疾病经济负担存在的问题，为疾病经济负担的研究提供了理论依据。
[关键词] 疾病经济负担；直接经济负担；间接经济负担；无形经济负担；计算方法
[中图分类号] [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）01（c）-0146-02
Case analysis of research methods for economic burden of disease
HOU Ruyin1 GAO Fengqing2
University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China; and Research Office of Health Economics, School of Humanities Management, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China
[Abstract] In recent years, studies on issues related to the economic burden of disease have become an important topic of health economic research. Estimation of the residents′ economic burden of disease, distribution characteristics of the economic burden of disease, various factors influencing the economic burden of disease and others are the main research directions of the economic burden of disease. Different research directions need different research methods. This paper classifies the economic burden of disease by the constituent part. Through case analysis and summary of previous researches, this paper illustrates the using conditions and calculation procedures of various calculation methods, analyzes their strengths, weaknesses and the problems existing in the research of economic burden of disease, and provides a theoretical basis for the research of economic burden of disease.
[Key words] Economic burden of disease; Direct economic burden; Indirect economic burden; Invisible economic burden; Calculation method
近年来，卫生服务费用不断上涨，加重了居民的经济负担，尤其在现今消费水平不断提高的情况下，居民“看病难、看病贵”的问题更加严重，制约了卫生服务的利用。因此，测算疾病经济负担，探讨其分布特点及影响因素，对减轻疾病经济负担，增加健康投资效益和社会效益，提高居民生活水平有重要的意义。
疾病经济负担是由于发病、伤残（
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