大蒜种植机械中蒜瓣方向识别方法的研究.pdf

大蒜种植机械中蒜瓣方向识别方法的研究

摘 要

大蒜机械化种植长期以来是我国大蒜生产过程中的一个难题，我国大蒜种植面积、
产量和出口量均居于世界前列。而我国目前大蒜种植的现状主要靠手工种植，劳动强度
较大，种植质量差，急需用大蒜种植机械来代替人工种植。
大蒜栽植的关键所在有两个，一是蒜种的选择，应该选取颗粒饱满的蒜瓣作为种子；
第二就是在栽植的过程中，应该尽量保证大蒜的方向，栽植时使蒜种的蒜尖朝上，会大
大增加大蒜的产量并提高质量。相关实验结果表明瓣尖朝下播种生长的大蒜头质量是瓣
尖朝上播种生长的大蒜头质量的61%，横径是其80%。由此可见瓣尖朝下将严重影响大蒜
的生长。由于大蒜形状的不规则，对大蒜蒜瓣方向的识别仅使用机械的方法效果不明显，
而模式识别技术能部分模拟人的识别功能，本文在分析了大蒜图像采集系统基本需求的
基础上，阐述了图像预处理的基本方法，针对大蒜图像进行二值化和边缘提取，分析了
大蒜瓣尖特征量，并对USAN值和曲线弯曲度2种特征进行对比分析，最终确定用弯曲度
值作为识别特征，识别出大蒜瓣尖位置。最后根据瓣尖和大蒜质心，实现了瓣尖调整角
度的计算。

关键词：大蒜；种植；机械；特征量；弯曲度
RESEARCH OF THE RECOGNITION METHOD OF GARLIC
DIRECTION IN PLANTING MACHINERY


ABSTRACT

Mechanized planting of garlic Garlic has long been a problem in the production process,
our garlic planting area, output and export volume living in the world. In China, the current
status of the garlic grown mainly by hand cultivation, the labor intensity of the larger, poor
quality of planting, planting garlic in urgent need of machinery to farming.
The key of garlic planting have two factors, one is the choice of garlic, should choose the
pellet full of the same as seed; The second is in the process of planting, should try to ensure
the direction of garlic, its make a garlic in the garlic pointed up, will greatly increase the
output of garlic and improve quality. Related experimental results show that garlic clove
pointed down the growth of seeding garlic quality is pointed up sowing growth double the
61% of the mass of garlic, diameter is its 80%. This shows garlic clove pointed down will
seriously affect the growth of garlic. Because of the irregular shape garlic and garlic to the
same direction of the index is only the use of me