国贸7.docx

Chapter 7 International Cargo Transport ? Modes of transport ? Clause of shipment ? Major shipping documents Modes of Transport ? Ocean carriage ? Air transport ? Rail transport ? Road transport ? Inland waterway transport ? Parcel post 邮政包裹? Container transport 集装箱运输? International multimodal transport Ocean Carriage ? Also called Ocean Shipping, or Marine transportation. ? Most widely used mode of transportation + low cost + large discharge capacity + large freight volume + long distances - Low speed - Vulnerable to weather - Less punctual Languages ? International anization (IMO) ?国际海事组织? Or so ?= about, around, more or less 大约? There isa motel a mile or so down the road (= about a mile or possibly a little more). ? the Marine Information System 海洋信息系统? the United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) 美国海事管理局 Major Ocean Carriage Modes ? Conference line vessels 公会班轮船- run fixed schedules; - follow fixed routes; - charge standard rates (conference rates) - provide international service for the carriage of cargo ? Non-conference line vessels 非公会班轮船- still liner services - not belong to the conference - independent freight rate, sailing schedule and ports of call ( 停靠港) - Flexible, but have problem of insufficient cargo supply Liners ? Liners operate ona scheduled service between a group of ports. Liners sail on scheduled dates and times irrespective of whether they are full o