现在完成进行时.ppt

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现在完成进行时
the Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时
1. The Present Perfect Continuous is formed in this way: (构成)
Subject + have/has + been+ doing
You’ve been studying very hard.
Has Steve plaining about it?
We haven’t been waiting for you long.
2. Use (用途)
1) 现在完成进行时可以表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。这个动作对现在有影响.
I'm tired because I've been running.
2) 现在完成进行时可以表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。这个动作现在仍在继续中。
I have been reading for 2 hours.
[I am still reading now.]
, for+一段时间,these few days, all this time(这段时间), all along(始终,一直), all the time(一直) all night, all the morning, all one’s life, today, this week, this month, during the night, recently等状语连用:
我读了3小时的书。
I have been reading for 3 hours.
我写了一上午的信。
I’ve been writing letters all this morning.
1. 未完结性
现在完成时强调动作的最后的结果,表示动作已经结束、完成;
现在完成进行时强调动作本身,表示动作还没有结束、完成(有延续性)。
I have read this novel. (已读完)
I have been reading this novel. (还在读)

They have widened the road.
(路加宽了)
They have been widening the road.
(路还在加宽)
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
2. 刚完结性的结果
现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果(影响),
但现在完成进行时所表示的结果是刚刚完成的动作的结果 consequence ;(是临时的/
直接的)
而现在完成时所表示的则是最后的结果/长久的影响(result)。
(动作可能刚结束,也可能早已结束)
We have been cleaning the classroom.(a)
We have cleaned the classroom.(b)
(a)“我们打扫教室来着。”表示教室刚刚打扫过,其目前直接的结果可能是:我们身上都是灰; 或是我们很累。
(b)“我们把教室打扫过了。”教室可能是昨天打扫的,其结果是:现在教室很清洁,可以用了。
Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you been crying? 你的眼睛又红又肿,你是不是哭来着?
(“哭”的动作刚刚结束,它是眼睛又红又肿的原因。)
Be careful! John has been painting the door.(a)
John has painted the door.(b)
(a)句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆过,现在油漆还未干,所以你要小心。
(b) 句油漆可能已干了。门看来很新.
3. 感情色彩
现在完成进行时比较生动,有时含有明显的感情色彩,
而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实,一种影响或结果,平铺直叙,没有什么感情色彩可言。如:
Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly.(a)
Recently Mary has done her work regularly.(b)
(a)句显然是在表扬玛丽。(b)只说明一个事实。