钱钟书史学思想研究.pdf

摘要舢籼吣㈣Ⅲ吣咖眦帆 Y2577958 首先,从研究钱钟书史学思想的现状来看,钱钟书文学思想已为大多学者所论述,然则对其史学思想的研究尚有欠缺。钱钟书的史学思想研究是有重要意义的。钱氏学术思想具有熔铸古今,中西打通的特点,其学术思想的火花散布于一生著作中。笔者先从钱钟书的学术思想及其源流入手,探析其思想的来源与发展,归纳其学术个性:钱钟书一生学术的起点源自家族藏书的洗礼,而钱钟书的学术个性主要是善于发凡传统,不惜穷尽脑海一切记忆去引证也要将问题讲个明白透彻; 另一个重要的个性则是实事求是地去评价中国古代传统史学和史学家。继而,通过对集中体现钱钟书史学思想的几个问题的研究,来引入、分析、总结其史学观:钱钟书的史学思想一是“打通’’,是文史兼顾,二是要“贯通", 读史应该前后联系,互相比较以较优劣,三是横向对比,要借照西方史学来对比中国史学,四是处理史料时要秉承“信”与“雅”的原则。再次,试图以现代人的观点构建钱钟书史学思想的大略。钱钟书赞同杜预关于中载历史时应当继续秉承这一原则:而后人在研究历史时,应当循环往复、细致入微地去阅读史书,同时记录自己的心得,这样才能使自己的研究体例趋于严谨;在讨论“信史”问题时,钱钟书素来认为史不可尽信,而史学家记载历史应当“信信疑疑7’。钱钟书比较推崇司马迁的史学,尤其是司马迁的记言,这一点从钱钟书对于“史汉优劣"问题的分析中可以得出。钱钟书并未从史学的角度去分析司马迁与班固的记言,而是从他擅长的文学角度去探讨“史”“汉"之间的差异。这也从侧面反映了钱钟书常用文学方法去考量史学问题的学术特色。关键词:钱钟书,史学思想,史料观 Abstract Firstly,according tothe current study situation ofQian zhongshu’S lli咖rical thought,Qianzbongshu’S literarythought has been discussed bymost scholars,but thestudy ofthe historicalthoughts are zhongshu’S historiography research academic thought has fused cast ancient and modem, through from Chinese characteristics ofacademic thought spark Sin hislifewritings. The author catchesQian zhongshu's academicthoughts and hisorigin theorigin and development and summed up haracteristics:Qian zhongshu’S academic lifebcgiIming fromthebaptism offamily collection,and Qian zhongshu's academic personality isbemg good attraditional quotes and willmind allmemories about understanding important personality ispractically to evaluate theancient Chinese traditional historiography andhistorian. Then,introduce,analyze his historicalthought through theembodiment of several problems ofQian zhongshu historiography thought research:One is”get through”.Qian zhongshu's historiography thought isboth second isto”breakthrough”,we should readhistory from before to back contacted, pare theadvantages with third is parison,We need pare Chinese with westernhist