南朝刘宋文学研究.pdf

中南民族大学硕士学位论文 I 摘要纵观魏晋南北朝诗歌发展史,刘宋时期作为南朝“诗风”新变与“士风”沿革的重要转折点,具有十分重要的文学史意义。为了进一步明确士风变化对于诗歌风尚的深层影响,深入透析文学发展的内在驱动力,本文拟从古体向永明新体的嬗变入手,通过分析士风与诗风间的互动协同关系,对这一问题略作探究。结构上,本文将以诗风与士风的变化时段为限,分为上、中、下三帐。首章,主论晋宋易代之际的士风与诗风。晋宋易代之际,儒学、玄学、佛学日趋合流,文士们纷纷从对玄学命理的超验化追求,转回到了现实人生的务实求仕进。伴随着这一价值追求的转变,文坛风尚也从玄言说理发展到了田园山水的缘情言志,诗歌篇章结构日趋完整、严密,风格上也显得更加多样化。次章,主论元嘉时期的士风与诗风。元嘉时期,由于社会局势相对稳定, 士人生活渐入奢靡,出于趋利避祸深层内在心理的影响,加之文帝的倡导,文士名流往往游心艺文,以文相尚,因而在诗歌创作方面也就投入了更多的热情与精力,从而形成了重视技巧、贵尚巧似的“元嘉体”。“元嘉体”的出现,标志着此时期的文学创作已经开始呈现出技艺化的发展倾向,诗歌作为一种独立的文学体式,也已经有了更为自觉地审美追求。第三章,主论刘宋末期的士风与诗风。刘宋末期,由于政局动荡,寒人开始执掌机要,而世族在政治、经济上的掌控力都大幅度下降。生逢乱世,士人多怀“惧祸之心”,要么寄心于佛道,以求精神和生命的解脱;要么追求奢靡的物质生活,试图在声色享乐中消弭内心的不安与恐惧。由于士人生活境况的变化,此时期的诗风虽仍以“雅正”为主流,但声律之风渐开,诗歌创作也逐渐由雅入俗,呈现出更为繁茂的发展态势。关键词:刘宋文学;士风;诗风;转变南朝刘宋文学研究 II Abstract Throughout history, jin and southern and northern dynasties poetry liu song period of the southern style "as" new "and" the important point, evolution has important significance of literature. In order to further clarify the wind changes for poetry, deep influence on the style of literary development dialysis internal driving force, the paper discussed from GuTi to an evolution, analyzi ng the interactions between wind and style, to this one problem. Slightly This paper will take on the structure, with the change of the late period, and divided into three, Ed. This theory, the jin dynasty taxi wind and style. The jin dynasty Confucianism, Buddhism, and increasingly, the confluence of the meta physics of the ba zhi can have from the pursuit of ultra, turn back to the real life of pragmatic officers. With the transformation of a value pursuit, liter ary habits from obscu re speech to the development of rural landscape philosoph ical poetry expressing affection is complete, the textual structure, style also appears more diversified. In theory, the wind and the period of jia yu an taxi style. Yuan jia period, due to the relatively stable social situation, th e philistines, and from the extravagant life grows deep within the avo