彭孙遹和他的《延露词》.doc

彭孙遹和他的《延露词》
【内容摘要】本文对于彭孙遹和《延露词》的解读分为三个部分展开。第一部分是针对学术界一般把彭孙遹看作“艳词专家”的现象,分析他的词作和有关他的词论,认为其《延露词》分豪放和婉约两种风格,豪放词又分为单纯表达悲壮、隐逸、狂傲,以及将矛盾心情融于一炉的,着重分析了其中感怀不遇的情感因素;婉约词也包含清婉词和艳情词两种:词人追求风格多样的努力显而易见。第二部分着重探究彭孙遹的婚姻状况,从而推测出他的部分清婉词是为妻子所写,进一步证明他不是“艳情专家”。第三部分是从彭孙遹率真任纵的性格出发,探求《延露词》的艺术特点,认为他的清婉词成就最高,贵在感情的曲折和深陷,以及融情于景的余韵悠长。
【关键词】彭孙遹《延露词》豪放婉约艳情清婉
【Abstracts】This article mainly uncrams the <Yanlu Ci> which is wrote by Peng Sunyu from 3 pionts of view. Firstly, relative to the prehension of Peng Sunyu as ‘Amorous CI writer’ in the academe, I concentrate on analyzing his works and the ments on them. In conclusion, I deem his CIs could be classified into two styles as HAOFANG and WANYUE. Furthermore, the HAOFANG style can be classified into 4 categories: mourning-spirit style, YINYI-spirit style, KUANG’AO-spirit style and the mixing style of them amalgamated with contradiction expressing. And I mainly analyzed his sensibility ingredient of his feeling of unfortunate that never be thought much of although he had highly scholarship. Correspondingly, the WANYUE CI also can be classified into two categories: QINGWAN CI and amorous CI. From these kinds of CI, we can conclude that he has made great efforts to try to write many kinds of CI.
Secondly, I pay my attention to his marriage life, from which I conferred that part of his WANYUE CI was wrote for his wife, and this conclusion prove he was not ‘amorous CI writer’ strongly.
Finally, I hunt after the <YANLU CI>’s art characteristic from the point of his character, which was candor and self-will. I made conclusion that his biggest achievement was QINGWAN CI which was good at express his feeling of twisting, plunging into his own feeling.
清初词坛,广陵一派,王士祯被称为“斯道总持”1。“日了公事,夜接词人”2的爱好风雅,红桥唱和、桐花栖凤的传唱风流,致使其他词人的光芒都几乎被他掩盖。尤其到了现代,回首数百年前的扬州,学界的目光也大都落在了他的身上。殊不知,翻开一套《清名家词》,浏览广陵数载的众多词家,不觉为《延露词》的“婉秀高华”3所感动,才发现原来这是一个可以和王士祯比肩而立的人物——彭孙遹。
彭孙遹,字骏孙,号羡门,别号金粟山人,浙江海盐人。少年时即以聪颖异常扬名,
“相传公七八岁,即开口咏凤凰,至十五六,已斐然成帙。尝步萧寺,二僧方制琉璃长明灯,请为赋。公诺之,僧煮茗以饷,茗未熟而赋就”4,才华直逼七步成诗的境界。顺治十六年(1