无控制交叉口车辆延误的研究.pdf

Classified Index: U491 : 580 Dissertation for the Master’s Degree in Engineering STUDY ON THE VEHICLE DELAY OF UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTION Candidate:Sun Xianglong Supervisor:Associate Prof. Feng Shumin Academic Degree Applied for:Master of Engineering Specialty:Transportation Planning and Management Affiliation:School of Transportation Science & Engineering Date of Defence:June, 2009 Degree-Conferring-Institution:Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文- I- 摘要无控制交叉口是指流量较小,不采取任何管理手段的交叉口,作为路网的节点,通常是交通冲突最为集中的地方,同时也是延误主要的产生地,研究无控制交叉口车辆延误对于改善交叉口的交通秩序及提供有效的管理有重要意义。论文在总结国内外相关研究的基础上,通过交通调查与分析,对无控制交叉口的延误影响因素、延误的计算方法进行了深入的研究。论文对无控制交叉口产生的延误做出了明确的划分,把无控制交叉口延误分为等待延误和加、减速延误,并在此基础上设计了无控制交叉口延误的调查方案。对哈尔滨市典型的无控制交叉口进行了调查,分析了交通量、流向构成、车种构成等因素对延误的影响。对无控制交叉口车辆排队消散过程进行了详细分析,提出了基于排队论的简化交叉口的等待延误计算公式,对公式中的相关参数进行了扩展,将等待延误公式推广到了常用的6种直行车流的交叉方式。借鉴信号交叉口加、减速延误的分析方法,提出了无控制交叉口加、减速延误的计算方公式。通过算例对延误公式进行了验算。分析了转向对无控制交叉口车辆运行的影响,提出了带有转向车流的无控制交叉口延误计算公式,并用算例对公式进行了验算。利用延误公式计算了哈尔滨市两个无控制交叉口的延误,计算结果与实测值吻合较好。关键词:无控制交叉口;车辆延误;调查方案;排队论;延误公式哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文-II - Abstract Uncontrolled intersection is the intersection that has less volume and does not take any management means as the node work. This kind of intersection is usually full of traffic conflict, and it is the major source of vehicles delay as well. Effective management and the traffic order would benefits from the research of vehicles’ delay in this kind of intersection. This dissertation focuses on the delay after referencing relevant methods at home and abroad. And factors of vehicles’ delay and the methods of calculation delay are deeply discussed through carefully traffic investigation and analysis. First, the delay from uncontrolled intersections is definitely divided into waiting delay, acceleration and deceleration delay in the thesis. And investigation design plan is put forward according to this kind of division. Then typical uncontrolled intersections of Harbin are surveyed and the impact of tra