《医学英语感染病》.ppt

Introduction to infectious diseases
Gang XIN
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
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maculopapular rash, eschar（焦痂）, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathies are typical signs.
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Mycoplasma
mykes (fungus) and plasma (formed)
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Spirochete
syphilis
Saddle nose
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Fungi (singular: fungus)
Tinea (=ringworm ) of skin
Tinea pedis
Tinea manus
Tinea cruris
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Group of extremely small single cell (unicellular) or acellular organisms that are found in moist soil or water. They tend to exist as parasites, living off other life forms.
Protos (First) and zoon (animal)
protozoa (singular: protozoon)
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helminths are worm-like organisms (Parasitic worms) that live and feed off living hosts, receiving nourishment and protection while disrupting their hosts' nutrient absorption, causing weakness and disease.
helminths
Helmins = worm
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Hookworms attached to the intestinal mucosa.
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arthropods
Greek arthron, "joint", and podós "foot", which together mean "jointed feet”
Culex Mosquito
Aedes Mosquito
Ticks
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Pathogen factors
pathogenicity
virulence
is the ability of a pathogen to produce an infectious disease in an organism.
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The virulence factors of bacteria
Methods by which bacteria cause disease
Adhesion
Colonization
Invasion
Immune response inhibitors
Toxins
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The virulence factors of bacteria
Adhesion. Many bacteria must first bind to host cell surfaces..
Colonization. Some virulent bacteria produce special proteins that allow them to colonize parts of the host body.
Invasion. Some virulent bacteria produce proteins that either disrupt host cell membranes or stimulate endocytosis into host cells. These virulence factors allow the bacteria to enter host cells and facilitate entry into the body across epithelial tissue layers at the body surface.
Immune response inhibitors. Many