品牌、品牌价值与品牌评估.doc

品牌、品牌价值与品牌评估
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several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
品和服务的作用，但是更强调品牌是一种无形资产，而这种无形资产不仅品牌固有的区分功能赋予的，而且也是通过营销在以消费者为核心的利益相关者意识中形成独特形象和联想、以及带来好处（价值）形成的。消费者作为利益相关者的核心，从形象、联想到观念的思维过程直接决定了品牌这一无形资产的价值。
归纳上述定义，我们从资产、法律、市场营销、形象识别、消费者参与、利益关系者等多维度，将品牌定义归纳如下：品牌是代表特定所有者法定权益并能为利益相关者带来价值的无形资产；其表现形式是通过创新和营销在以消费者为核心的利益相关者意识中形成独特印象、联想的一组产品、服务和组织的标识及设计组合。
综上所述，品牌的区别包含着价值的区别，形成价值区别的因素，包括产品或服务提供者的贡献和产品或服务的消费者的参与。消费者的参与完整定义了品牌的价值。消费者定义的品牌具有无形资产价值。
这个定义，让我们告别了品牌盲人摸象的时代，使我们能从一个整体视角认识品牌价值形成的起因、手段、过程和结果。
关于商标与品牌的关系：从王老吉到“全国销量领先的红罐凉茶“
商标是确定品牌权利归属的法律依据，但不能代表品牌价值的全部。
从实证研究看，商标与品牌的关系，源于标识与品牌的关系。
品牌起源于古代部落的图腾，图腾就是一种易识别的标识。同样，古代劳动者为了保护自己的劳动成果（财产）权利，也在自己生产的产品或饲养的动物上标注上姓名或图形等记号，也是一种标识。当名誉、财产等发展到受法律保护的阶段，用于对组织及财产进行区别的标识也就形成了法律上的概念：商标
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