高考语法复习——非谓语动词之分词.ppt

The old lady has three sons, but none of _____________ her well.
The old lady has three sons, none of _____________ her well.
The old lady has three sons, none of _____________ her well.
them treat
whom treat
them treating
Test
非谓语动词----分词present participle & past participle
概述:
分词在句中起_______和______的作用,可作
____, ____, _____, ___________.
分词有两种形式:____ 分词和_____ 分词。
分词的时态和语态: 过去分词只有一种形式,它表示一个完成或被动完成的动作。
The fallen leaves mean the autumn’ing.
The building built last year is our library.
The problem discussed yesterday has not been solved yet.
(表完成)
(表被动完成)
形容词
副词
表语
定语
状语
宾语补足语
现在
过去
(表被动完成)
现在分词可分为一般式和完成式两种;在语态上可分为主动语态和被动语态。
一般式:
The boy swimming in the river is his brother.
完成式:
Having finished the job, she went home.
Having been criticized by the teacher, he decided to study hard.
(在时间上表示一个正在进行或与谓语动词同时发生或存在的动作和状态)
(在时间上表示该动作先于谓语动词的
动作或状态)
分词的否定式:
not + 分词
Not having received his letter, he decided not to call him.
Not knowing his address, she cannot get in touch with him.
分词的作用:
1、作表语
Watching the exciting football match, they were very excited.
The football match is very exciting.
现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的性质和特征;过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。现在分词通常用来修饰物,“令人感到…”;过去分词通常用来修饰人或与人的感情色彩、面部表情相关的词,“某人感到…”。如:an interesting story; a surprised look等。
2、作定语(相当于一个定语从句)
The meeting held last week is of great importance.
____________________________________________
The boy playing football on the playground is my brother.
______________________________________________
The meeting which was held last week is of great importance.
The boy who is playing football on the playground is my brother.
分词作定语要看分词与它所修饰的名词之间的关系。若为主动关系,则用现在分词;若为被动关系,则用过去分词。
注:分词作后置定语绝对不能用完成式!
3、作状语
Seeing from the mountain, we can see our beautiful school.
Seen from the mountain, our school looks more beautiful.
分词作状语要看分词与其逻辑主语(即主句的主语)的关系。若为主动关系,则用现在分词;若为被动关系,则用过去分词。
4、作宾语补足语
When I went into the classroom, I saw all the classmates listening carefully to the teacher.
He had his leg injured