which在定语从句中的作用.pptx

Which在定语从句中的用法
关系代词which 一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语,既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。
1. 引导限制性定语从句
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
商店应存有最畅销的货物。
This is the family which is planning to move to the party.
这是要搬进城里的一家。
2. 引导非限制性定语从句。
(1 )用来指代一个句子。
is so interesting, which makes all possible happen.
因特网是如此有趣,它使任何事都有可能发生。
( 2 )用来指代句子的一部分。
When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.
他常常陷入沉思,这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。
( 3 )如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句,第二个 which 前要加 and.
    He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend.
    他买了本鲁迅写的书,他决定送给朋友。
3. 名词+ of + which (= of which +名词= whose + 名词)通常放在先行词的后面。
例如:
我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
=I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
=I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
4. 介词+ which 的替代作用。
( 1 )作时间状语替代 when 。
 There used to be a time at which / during which ( = when ) the Chinese people struggled for freedom.
 中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。
( 2 )作地点状语替代 where 。
 This is the office in which ( = where ) I used to work.
这是我过去工作过的办公室。
( 3 )作原因状语替代 why 。
    I'd like you to explain the reason for which (= why ) you were absent.
    我想让你解释一下缺席的原因。
( 4 )作方式状语替代 that 或省略。
    There are many ways in which (= that / 省略) we can solve the problem.
    解决这个问题有很多方法。
5. which, when, where 关系词的选择。
关系副词 when 与 where 用于引导定语从句时,往往修饰句中表示地点或时间的名词。但是,有时候在表示时间或地点的名词后面却不能用 when 或 where ,而该用 which 或 that 。
例一: Is this the factory which / that produces all kinds of washing machines? ( which / that 在定语从句中作主语,指代前面的 the factory )这就是生产各种洗衣机的那家工厂吗?
例二: I often think of the days which / that we spent together on the seaside. ( which / that 在定语从句中作宾语,指代 the days ,此时可省略。)我经常想起我们一起在海滩度过的日子。
例三:The river where I used to swim is now seriously polluted.
( where 在定语从句中作状语, where = in which = in the river )我过去常去游泳的那条河现在已被严重地污染了。
例四:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
    ( when 在定语从句中作状语, when = on w