诺曼征服 zhang.pptx

The Norman Conquest 1066
The origin of Norman
William Ⅰ
Background to the Norman Conquest
Process
The influence of the Norman Conquest
Origin of the Normans P85
They were descended from Norse Viking(北欧海盗).
The French king gave the Norse leader a large tract of land in the northern part of France on condition that the Norsemen promised to aid him in war and to accept the Christian religion.
The place where they lived took on the name Normandy. They themselves came to be called the Normans, meaning Northman.
Map of
Normandy
William I( William the Conqueror )
1.
was the first Norman King of England from 1066 until 1087.
was Duke of Normandy from July 1035 until his death.
was known as William the Bastard(私生子)because of the illegitimacy of his birth, before his conquest of England
(1028-1087)
His main achievement:
He invaded England in September 1066, defeating Harold II at the Battle of Hastings(黑斯廷战役) on 14 October 1066.
He was crowned as the king of England on December 2,1066.
Background to the Norman Conquest
Edward the Confessor (1042—1066)
died in 1066 without an heir
three claimants to the throne
Harold(哈罗德) —the king’s wife’s brother, selected by Witan
William — Duke of Normandy, Edward’s cousin
Harald (哈拉尔德)— King of Norway
1051
1064
1066
the Confessor promised William the king of England after his death.
promised to support him to be the king.
became the king of England.
The Norman Conquest process (P86)
The influence of the Norman Conquest
firmly established feudal system
compelled all the sub-vassals to take oaths of loyalty to him directly as well as to their immediate overlords
put the administration of justice under the control of the king
A much stronger control over the country by the Rome-backed Catholic Church
replaced English bishops(主教) with Normans
made himself head of the bishops
replaced the Witan(贤会议) with the Grand Council of his new tenants-in-chief(封建领主)