该【Intervention Services for Autistic Adults An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals’ Experiences 2021 Martina Micai 】是由【玉柱儿】上传分享，文档一共【17】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【Intervention Services for Autistic Adults An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals’ Experiences 2021 Martina Micai 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。:.
JournalofAutismandDevelopmentalDisorders
/s10803-021-05038-0
ORIGINALPAPER
InterventionServicesfor AutisticAdults:An ASDEUStudyof Autistic
Adults,Carers,and Professionals’Experiences
Martina Micai1 ·Antonio Ciaramella1 ·Tommaso Salvitti1 ·Francesca Fulceri1 ·Laura Maria Fatta1 ·Luise Poustka2 ·
Robert Diehm3 ·Georgi Iskrov4,5 ·Rumen Stefanov4,5 ·Quentin Guillon6 ·Bernadette Rogé6 ·Anthony Staines7 ·
Mary Rose Sweeney7 ·Andrew Martin Boilson7 ·Thora Leósdóttir8 ·Evald Saemundsen8 ·Irma Moilanen9,10 ·
Hanna Ebeling9,10 ·Anneli Yliherva9,11 ·Mika Gissler12,13,14 ·Tarja Parviainen15 ·Pekka Tani16 ·Rafal Kawa17 ·
Astrid Vicente18 ·Célia Rasga18 ·Magdalena Budişteanu19 ·Ian Dale20 ·Carol Povey20 ·Noelia Flores21 ·
Cristina Jenaro21 ·Maria Luisa Monroy22 ·Patricia García Primo23 ·Tony Charman24 ·Susanne Cramer25 ·
Christine Kloster Warberg25 ·Ricardo Canal‑Bedia21 ·Manuel Posada23 ·Maria Luisa Scattoni1 ·
Diana Schendel25,26,27
Accepted:20April2021
©TheAuthor(s)2021
Abstract
TheAutismSpectrumDisordersintheEuropeanUnion(ASDEU)surveyinvestigatedlocalservices’useexperiencesof
autisticadults,-
encedrecommendedconsiderationspriortodecidingoninterventionandduringtheinterventionplanandimplementation.
Psychosocialinterventionswerethemostcommonlyexperiencedinterventions,whilepharmacologicalinterventionsNOT
%ofautisticadultresponders
forimprovinggapsinserviceprovisionofinterventionsamongautisticadults.
KeywordsAutismSpectrumDisorder ·Adults ·Interventions ·Services
Introductionrelatedtoautisticadultinterventionsin11Europeancoun-
trieswiththeoverallaimofdetermininghowservicesfor
,
communicationandinteraction,andrestricted/repetitivethepresentprojectaimedtoinvestigatehowwellorhow
repertoiresofbehaviors,interestsandactivities(Autismwidelyrecommendationsforautisticadults’interventions
SpectrumDisorder,AmericanPsychiatricAssociation,
2013)andusuallypersistsintoadulthood(Howlinet al.,respondentswereautisticadults,carersofautisticadults,
2004,2013;Woolfendenet al.,2012).
autisticadult-specificlong-termtreatments,however,arerecommendeditemstoconsiderwhendecidingonaninter-
,factorsofpositiveintervention
EuropeanUnion(ASDEU)projectconductedasurveytooutcomesandfactorstobeconsideredwhendecidingonan
collectinformationonservicesavailabilityandexperienceinterventionforchallengingbehaviorsuchasself-harmor
,thesurveyexploredtheuseof
psychosocialandpharmacologicalinterventions,andfamily
MariaLuisaScattoniandDianaSchendelareequallycontributinginterventionsformembersofanadult’sfamily.
,someofthemostrelevantchallengesthat
promptinterventionsarisefromcoresymptoms(.,repeti-
*MariaLuisaScattoni
marialuisa.******@;deficitsinsocialskills)andpoor
adaptivefunctioningthatmayimpedeindependentliving,
Extendedauthorinformationavailableonthelastpageofthearticle
Vol.:(0123456789)13:.
JournalofAutismandDevelopmentalDisorders
attendanceatuniversity/collegeandemployment(MatsonQuestionswerewrittenusingeverydaylanguageandavoid-
et al.,2016;Ratto&Mesibov,2015).Specificpsychosocialingtechnicaltermsthatmightnotbeunderstoodorapplica-
interventionshavebeendevelopedforautisticadultstarget-
ingcommunication,socialinteractionandflexiblethinkingfromtwosectionsofthesurvey:(1)demographiccharacter-
andbehavior(.,socialskillstraining;appliedbehavioristicsofresponders,including12questionsfortheautistic
analysis)(Matsonet al.,1996;Odomet al.,2010).Otheradults,9forcarers,and7forprofessionals;(2)interven-
examplesofpromisingtrainingareasarevocationaltrainingtionpracticesforautisticadults,including19questionsfor
(.,interviewskills;supportedemployment;Morganet al.,autisticadults,15forcarers,
2014;Nicholaset al.,2015),anxietymanagementtraininginterventionssectionwasrestrictedtoresponderswhohad
(.,cognitivebehavioraltherapy;Langet al.,2010),self-recentadultinterventionexperience,.,autisticadultswho
managementtechniques,videomodeling,chaining,andindi-hadexperienceinthelasttwoyearswithanintervention.
vidualworksystems(Humeet al.,2009).
Autisticadult-specificguidelines,policiesandservicesRecruitmentand SurveyDistribution
oninterventionsmustbebasedonsolidevidences(Nicholas
et al.,2017).EffortsinthisdirectionhavebeenprovidedTheleadsitefortheadultservicescomponentofASDEU
onlinebytheNationalInstituteforHealthandClinical(Denmark)providedallASDEUpartnerswithinforma-
Excellence(NICE,2012).AutismEurope(2013)andthetionandsuggestionsonhowandtowhomsurveyscould
NationalAuditOffice(2009),allpartnerssentoutsurvey
offreelyavailablequalitystandardsforautisticadults’ser-noticesandinvitationstoparticipatetoautismorganizations
(national,local,voluntary)andserviceprovidersorganiza-
interventionforautisticadults,thereisalackofknowledgetions(publicandprivate,includingresidentialfacilities,
onhowandwhichinterventionsforautisticadultsarepro-jobtrainingandeducationprograms).Furthermore,these
,thepresentworkorganizationswereencouragedtopublishthesurveylinks
aimedtocollectexperiencesandperceptionsonlocalinter-throughtheirchannels(e-newsletters,websites,orsocial
ventionsservices’usedirectlyfromautisticadults,carersmediaaccounts).Theresearchersateachsitealsodissemi-
andprofessionalstoidentifyinterventionpracticegapsandnatedtheirsurveysthroughtheirprofessionalnetworksand
.
.
Itwaslaunchedinmid-February2017inthreelanguages
Methods(English,Spanish,andDanish).Bymid-September2017,
allthreeversionsofthesurveyhadbeenlaunchedin11lan-
SurveyDescriptionguages(English,Spanish,Danish,French,Polish,Icelandic,
German,Finnish,Italian,andRomanian,aswellasPortu-
Thesurveyquestionswerecreatedfromavarietyofpub-guesefortheprofessionalversion);dataforthisanalysis
lishedguidelinesandrecommendationsregardinginterven-werebasedonthetotalresponsesobtaineduptoDecember
tionsforautisticadults(.,AutismEurope,2013;Kend-2017.
allet al.,2013;NationalAuditOffice,2009;NICE,2012;EachASDEUsiteobtainedlocalethicalapprovalas
ThinkAutism:Updatingthe2010AdultAutismStrategy).
Thesurveyquestionsandresponseoptionsarepresentedproceduresinstudiesinvolvinghumanparticipantswerein
designedtogaugehowcloselytherespondent’sexperiencesand/ornationalresearchcommitteeandwiththeWorld
withlocalinterventionservicesmatchedthepublishedrec-MedicalAssociationDeclarationofHelsinkianditslater
-
totargetautisticadults;family/caregiversofautisticadultsingthesurvey,respondershadtoreadtheinformationabout
(
inthisstudythemselves);andadministrators/professionals/-
,datawerehandledinaggregatedform;nofeedbackto
severalstagesofrevisionwithinputsfromtheexpertsinallparticipantswasprovidednorwereindividualrespondent’s
-
Responderswereinstructedtoselectanswersthatseemedtoclassifytherespondentforanalysispurposes(.,gender,
tosuitmostcloselywithwhattheykneworhadexperiencedage,highesteducationlevel,countryofresidence,popula-
).
13:.
JournalofAutismandDevelopmentalDisorders
AnalysisMethodscollege/universityeducationprogram(17%,n=44)orhad
completedstudyatacollege/universitylevel(27%,n=70).
Overall,datafrom2009completedorpartiallycompletedOverhalf(57%,n=149)oftheautisticadultresponders
surveysweredistributedasfollows:autisticadults(n=667),wereunemployed,andthemostcommonreasonforunem-
carersofautisticadults(n=591)andprofessionals(n=751).ploymentwashavingadisabilitythatpreventsthemfrom
Forthepurposeofthepresentstudy,onlydemographicchar-havingajob(40%,n=59).Onequarter(24%)oftheautis-
acteristicsandresponsesspecifictointerventionforautisticticresponderswasdiagnosedbetween16and25yearsold,
(Supplementary
theyhadrecentknowledgeoforexperiencewithaparticu-Material2).
larinterventionservicewereeligibletoanswertherelevantAbouthalfofautisticadultscaredbycarershadsome
questions;allotherrespondentswereautomaticallyskippedlevelofindependence(highlevelofindependence,9%,
,theinterventionsectionwascom-n=26;someindependencebutneedsupport,40%,n=122),
pletedbyadifferentnumberofrespondersdependingonthewhereastheotherhalfrequiredahighlevelofsupport(needs
,36%,n=110;needs
Weanalyzedthedemographiccharacteristicsandhighlevelinstitution-likecare,15%,n=44).Sixtypercent
responsesof697responderswhowereeligibletoanswertheoftheautisticadultscaredbycarerswerediagnosedbetween
interventionsection(somevariationinsamplesizeperques-16and25yearsold,whiletherestwere26yearsofageor
tiondependingontheintervention).These697respondersolder(SupplementaryMaterial2).
answered‘Yes’tothefollowingeligibilityquestions:‘ThisThemostcommonlyrepresentedprofessionalback-
sectionshouldbeansweredONLYifyouareinaninterven-groundswerepsychologists(46%,n=61),teachers/peda-
tionnoworinthelasttwoyears,suchasindividualorgroupgogues(13%,n=17),andpsychiatrists(11%,n=14)(Sup-
therapytoimprovelifeskillsortakingmedicinefordepres-plementaryMaterial2).
sion’(autisticadult,38%,n=263);‘Youshouldanswerthis
sectionONLYifyouhaveexperienceinthelasttwoyearsAlignmentwith Guidelines:Recommendations
,theRegardingPracticesAroundInterventions
interventioncouldbeindividualorgrouptherapytoimprovefor AutisticAdults
lifeskillsortakingmedicinefordepression’(carer,43%,
n=302);‘DoyouhaveknowledgeofandcurrentworkRecommendedConsiderationsWhenDeciding
experience(inthelasttwoyears)ininterventions,suchason an Intervention
individualorgrouptherapyormedication,foradultsonthe
autismspectrum?’(professional,19%,n=132).AggregatedAsshowninSupplementaryMaterial3,amongallthree
descriptivestatisticsbyrespondentgroupwerecalculatedforgroups,morethan50%experiencedeachof12recom-
-mendeditemstoconsiderwhendecidingonanintervention
ationinresponsesaboutinterventiontypeswasassociated(.,age,historyofpreviousinterventions;otherkindsof
withtheautisticadults’levelofindependence/supportneedsinterventionshadinthepast;experienceinpastinterven-
reportedbycarers(SupplementaryMaterial8).tions;presenceofintellectualimpai
Intervention Services for Autistic Adults An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals’ Experiences 2021 Martina Micai 来自淘豆网m.daumloan.com转载请标明出处.
