电梯设计说明书.doc

摘要
电梯是一种载人的交通工具,我们必须将安全运行放在第一位。为了保证电梯安全运行,我们要从设计、制造、安装等多个环节都要充分考虑到,以防止危险的发生,并且针对各种可能发生的危险,设置相对应的安全系统装置。限速器一安全钳系统是电梯不可或缺的安全系统装置,当电梯超速、运行失控或悬挂装置断裂时,限速器一安全钳装置快速将电梯轿厢制停在导轨上,并保持静止状态,从而避免发生人员伤亡及设备损坏事故。限速器一安全钳系统在电梯生产过程中必须进行安全试验,保证满足性能要求,但是电梯的安全性能不仅仅取决于设计制造质量,很大程度上还取决于安装调试质量,特别是在电梯经过一段时间的使用后,限速器一安全钳系统会因磨损、锈蚀、疲劳等情况引起各个参数的改变或功能减弱、丧失等。
本设计的题目是垂直电梯机械安全装置设计。本论文主要介绍了安全钳的分类,安全钳的安装位置及结构和渐进式安全钳的设计分析计算等。对渐进型安全钳的制动力,制停减速度,制停距离等进行了设计计算。并针对耗能型缓冲器进行设计和计算。缓冲器排油孔径的计算,缓冲器排油截面的计算,变量棒的设计与计算。缓冲器的强度计算:即活塞缸体、柱塞厚度的计算和校核,对柱塞强度和稳定性的校核,对复位弹簧的设计与强度校核。完善设计图纸及设计说明书。
关键词:电梯;限速器;安全钳;缓冲器
Abstract
The elevator is vertical transportation manned, must the safe operation in the first place. To ensure the safe operation of the elevator, from the design, manufacture, installation and so on each link must take fully into account to prevent the occurrence of danger, and in the light of all kinds of the possibility of danger, set the door of the only safety device. The speed limit is a security clamp system is essential to the elevator safety device, as the speeding, running out of control or suspension devices break, the speed limit is a security clamp device quickly will lift its capable of stopping in the guide rail, and remains stationary, so as to avoid injuries and damage of equipment accidents. The speed limit is a security clamp system in elevator production process has security test, should be able to meet the performance requirements, but the elevator safety technical performance depends not only on the quality of design and manufacturing, to a great extent should take in installation quality, especially in the elevator after a period of time after use, the speed limit is a security clamp system will for wear, corrosion, and fatigue caused such as changing parameters or function abate, loss.
The subject of this design is the design of the vertical lift machinery safety devices. This thesis describes the installation location and structure of the classification of the safety gear, safety gear and pr