Iceberg Principle冰山原则幻灯片.pptx

Iceberg Principle海明威的“冰山原则”创作理论
Outline
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Origin and Definition
Background
Methods and Representative examples
Development and Influence
Origin and Definition
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Origin
If a writer of prose knows enough of what he is writing about, he may omit things that he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an ice-berg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. A writer who omits things because he dose not know them only makes hollow places in his writing.
--Ernest Hemingway in the Death in the Afternoon
Definition
The theory of omission
所谓“冰山原则”,就是用简洁的文字塑造出鲜明的形象,把自身的感受和思想情绪最大限度的埋藏在形象之中,使之情感充沛却含而不露、思想深沉而隐而不晦,从而将文学的可感性与可思性巧妙的结合起来,让读者对鲜明形象的感受去发掘作品的思想意义。
Definition
简洁的文字、鲜明的形象、丰富的情感和深刻的思想是构成”冰山原则”的四个基本要素。具体地说,文字和形象是所谓的“八分之一”,而情感和思想是所谓的“八分之七”。前两者是具体可见的,后两者是寓于前两者之中的。文字塑造了形象,形象包含了情感,而情感之中蕴涵着思想。诚然,就一般文学作品而言,这四个要素都是必不可少的,但在海明威的作品中显得尤为突出,因为他强调了情感和思想的含蓄性。
Background
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Background
Being a reporter laid a good foundation for Hemingway’s “iceberg principle”. His terseness and accuracy had some mon with the language used in news report. Nevertheless, he didn’t lose his personality in such a strict regulations of words, on the contrary he created his own special language style.
Methods and Reprezentative Examples
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