免疫球蛋白(Ig).ppt

Immunoglobulin , Ig
NOBEL PRIZES FOR ANTIBODY RESEARCH
Ig gene rearrangement
Tonegawa
1987
Monoclonal Ab
Koler,Milstein & Jerne
1984
Radioimmunoassay
Yalow
1977
Chemical structure of Ab
Edelman
& Poter
1972
antitoxin
Ehrlich & Metchnikoff
1908
Serum therapy
von Bering
1901
1890:
von Behring and Kitasato
-ANTIBODIES
in the serum of inated individual bind to pathogens
Emil von Behring 1854 - 1917, Nobel Prize in 1901 for demonstrating that circulating antitoxins against diphtheria and tetanus toxins conferred immunity.
Discovery of Ab
Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato took serum from animals infected with diphtheria and injected it into healthy animals. When these animals were later inoculated with diphtheria they were found to be resistant to infection. We now know this method of conferring infection resistance as "passive immunity". This first demonstration of defense against infection was revealed and described as mediated by "antitoxin". It was clear to Behring and Kitasato that the antitoxin was specific only for diphtheria, it did not confer any defense against other forms of infection. We now know this antitoxin to be antibodies produced specifically against the diphtheria microbe.
Albumin
-globin -globin -globin
正常血清蛋白电泳图
Immune sera
Normal sera
Two basic definitions
Antibody (Ab)
A type of globulin which is produced by plasma cell as a result of the introduction of an antigen and which react specifically with the antigen that stimulated its production.
Immunoglobulins (Ig)
globulins whose structure or function are similar to antibody.
基本概念
Ab抗体
是B淋巴细胞识别抗原后增殖分化为浆细胞所产生的一种能与相应抗原发生特异性结合的蛋白质。
Ig免疫球蛋白
指化学结构或生物学活性与抗体相类似的糖蛋白。
Ⅰ. Basic Immunoglobulin Structure
Ig的基本结构
Ⅰ
Ⅰ
Ig的基本结构(IgG )
四肽链结构
功能区
绞链区
接合链
分泌片
酶解片段