邱超超不同土壤水分下冬小麦蒸腾效率的变化.docx

学号: 200705080128
河北联合大学
毕业论文
论文题目: 不同土壤水分下冬小麦蒸腾效率的变化
作者: 邱超超
专业: 环境科学
班级: 07环科(1)班
学院: 化学工程学院
指导教师: 张春娜
2011年 5 月 28 日
目录
摘要 3
Abstract 3
1引言 5
2 综述 6
6
6
3国内外研究进展 7
7
8
4实验地概况 9
5实验材料与方法 10
10
10
12
6结果与分析 12
不同土壤水分条件下植株水分与生长的变化 12
14
土壤干旱下小麦苗期蒸腾效率提高的生理基础 16
7结论与建议 17
结论: 17
: 18
8参考文献 18
致谢 21
摘要
通过零蒸发型盆栽试验,研究了两种生态型冬小麦(石家庄8号;洛旱2号)在三种土壤水分条件下(L:田间持水量的60%~65%;M: 田间持水量的70%~75%; H: 田间持水量的80%~85%)蒸腾效率的变化及其生理机制。结果表明:随着土壤水分的降低,植株叶片水势降低,根冠比增加,两个品种间没有显著差异。土壤水分的降低,使植株生物量减少,蒸腾耗水减少,但蒸腾效率提高。%%。植株叶片光合速率与蒸腾速率随土壤水分的减少不断下降,但叶片水平的蒸腾效率提高,表现出与植物水平蒸腾效率相同的变化趋势,两者呈极显著正相关。光合、蒸腾、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度的变化表明,蒸腾主要受气孔因素调节、光合主要受非气孔因素调节,这种调节机制使得植株在遇到干旱时更高效的利用水分。两个品种比较,石家庄8号的调节能力优于洛旱2号。试验结果初步证明,两个小麦品种在遇到土壤干旱时,光合与蒸腾调节机制的差异构成了蒸腾效率提高的生理基础。
关键词:蒸腾效率,光合特性,叶片水分状况,冬小麦
Abstract
Zero evaporative pot experiment was conducted to study the response of transpiration efficiency of two ecotypes of winter wheat (Shijiazhuang8; Luohan2) and its physiological mechanism to three different soil moisture conditions (L: Field capacity= 60%~65%;M: Field capacity=70%~75%;H: Field capacity=80%~85%). The results showed that leaf water potential decreased, and the root shoot ratio increased with the decreasing of soil moisture, but there was no significant difference between the two ecotypes of winter wheat. Lowering soil water content resulted in a reduction of biomass and transpiration, but the transpiration efficiency increased. Single plant transpiration efficiency of shijiazhuang8 and luohan2 increased 119%
and %, respectively under low water moisture. With soil moisture decreasing, leaf photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate reduced continuously, but leaf transpiration efficiency increased which demonstrated the same trend with single plant transpiration efficiency and positive correlation between the two effici