撒尼尔 霍桑 PPT.ppt

纳撒尼尔·霍桑
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Group Members
赵亚南
周静
朱秋芬
沈嘉
Family Backgrounds
Ancestors: A judge relate to the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692 (塞勒姆驱巫案件)
Father: Died when he was only four
Mother: Relied on relatives in rearing the children
A family with a long Puritan (清教徒)tradition
The Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692塞勒姆驱巫案
1692年,塞勒姆镇一个牧师的女儿突然得了一种类似癫痫的传染病,随后另外七个女孩相继出现了同样的症状。当时人们普遍认为,让孩子们得了怪病是因为村里的黑人女奴和一个女乞丐,还有一个孤僻的从来不去教堂的老妇人。
当局者对这3名女人严刑逼供,“女巫”和“巫师”的数量也一步步增加,先后有20多人死于这起冤案中,另有200多人被逮捕或监禁。
1992年,马萨诸塞州议会通过决议,宣布为所有受害者恢复名誉。
Puritanism 清教主义
Puritans came from the Established Church(英国国教) of England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
They were so called because they wished to “purify” the forms and rituals(典礼、宗教仪式) of the Church.
The Puritans held that man lived to suffer and he must toil mightily for the glory of God.
Puritanism stressed predestination(宿命)、original sin(原罪)、total depravity(性恶说)and atonement(赎罪)from God’s grace.
Main Works
The Scarlet Letter 《红字》
Mosses from an Old Manse《古屋青苔》
The Minister’s Black Veil《教长的黑面纱》
The Custom House 《海关》
Wonderful Book for Girls and Boys《奇异的书》
Famous Remarks
A man already in decay, having given my best years to feed the hungry dream of knowledge.                             --- Nathaniel Hawthorne
即使尸骨已经腐烂,但我已经将自己最好的年华奉献给追求知识的梦想中。