该【镓物理化学性质调研省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件 】是由【kuailonggua】上传分享，文档一共【22】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【镓物理化学性质调研省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。镓 第1页 基本信息 第2页 物理化学特征 银白色金属，在30℃时变为发光液体，冷却至0℃而不固化； 在干燥空气中稳定，在潮湿空气中失去光泽，生成及少许氧化物； 与碱反应放出氢气；能被冷浓盐酸浸蚀，对热硝酸钝性，高温时能与多数非金属反应； 溶于酸和碱，微溶于汞，不溶于水； 研究表明，镓在高温下对工程材料含有较强腐蚀性，如300-400℃或更高温度下对不锈钢腐蚀性；室温下腐蚀性通常能够忽略； 低温下（～30℃）可与铜迟缓发生反应，进而造成铜表面出现凹陷； 试验验证，镓普通不与塑料（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、PMMA）发生反应，即使温度升高至足以使上述塑料软化或熔化； 镓不溶于水，所以经皮肤镓不轻易被吸收；眼睛直接接触或吸入镓粉末会造成疼痛；豚鼠皮下注入镓金属或合金造成骨疽； 对猫和鼠而言，胃对硫酸镓及硝酸钾大剂量吸收会造成轻微中毒； 人应尽可能防止在三氧化二镓环境下长久工作； 一旦液态钾金属溅落至工作场所，如地板，先确认是否有导电可能，假如没有则立刻用冷水冲洗直至镓凝固，然后再做搜集保留；为预防镓被人手油污染，手套是必须； 第3页 6063 Aluminum-Alloy →5 hours of corrosion under 120°C T2 Copper-Alloy Anodic Coloring 6063 Aluminum-Alloy 1Cr18Ni9 Stainless Steel →30 days at the temperature of 60 ± °C Corrosion development between liquid gallium and four typical metal substrates Test object and condition 第4页 Morphology comparison of corroded surface of the 6063 Aluminum-Alloy (a) and of the T2 Copper-Alloy (b) Corrosion developments between the 6063 Aluminum-Alloy and liquid gallium: a no disturbance is exerted on gallium ball; b small disturbance is exerted on gallium ball. 第5页 EDS analysis 6063 Aluminum-Alloy T2 Copper-Alloy 1Cr18Ni9 Stainless Steel Anodic Coloring 6063 Aluminum-Alloy 第6页 Conclusion 6063 Aluminum-Alloy→ Liquid gallium has intense corrosion reaction with it, and the corrosion product is loose, promoting the infiltration of gallium into the corrosion product to form corrosion diffusion area with uniform gallium concentration. The corrosion product is also of low , the 6063 Aluminum-Alloy cannot be used as the structure material for a liquid metal cooling system. T2 copper→ Liquid gallium not only causes uniform corrosion process to the surface of it, but also has good compatibility with the corrosion layer and can form gallium covered area on the corroded surface. The corrosion resistance level of the T2 Copper-Alloy is between grade 6 and 7, which belongs to a slightly high grade. But the T2 Copper-Alloy is inappropriate to be used as structural material of a liquid metal cooling system for the dynamic corrosion process will cause great damage to its surface. X 第7页 Anodic Coloring 6063 Aluminum→ It has very strong corrosion resistance. However, in the flowing liquid metal cooling system, the scouring effect that liquid metal of large density causes to the oxide layer on the surface must be , the oxide layer cannot be scratched so as to avoid gallium infiltration. What is more, the system thermal resistance will increase because of the thin oxide layer. Thus, the Anodic Coloring 6063 Aluminum-Alloy can be used as structural material of a liquid metal cooling system only after certain good surface treatments. And the increased thermal resistance should be correctly evaluated for practical design of a liquid metal cooling system. 1Cr18Ni9 Stainless Steel →It shows integral corrosion resistance, high surface strength and strong resistance to scouring. The only shortcoming lies in its relatively low thermal conductivity. Comprehensively considering the economy and practicality, the 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel is the best structural material among the tested four specimens for a liquid metal cooling system. √ 第8页 Corrosion resistance of structural materials to Ga2O at 1000 ℃ Test object and condition 2 h 20 h 第9页 第10页
