登山Mountaineering.ppt

Mountaineering
Contents
Key Words
Brief introduction
Origin & Development
Equipment and technology
Qualifications and rules
Organization
Tournaments
Famous Stars
Question
Suggest Websites
Key Words
hygrometer 湿度计
steel cone 钢锥
mountain climbing iron lock 登山铁锁
tackle 滑车
safety goggles 防护镜
Brief introduction
Mountaineering or mountain climbing
The mountain and consists of three areas: rock-craft, snow-craft and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.
Origins
Birth year:
In 1786 Dr Michel ard(医生帕卡德) and Jacques Balmat(当地采石工人巴尔玛) gained the summit(Bland, Mont勃朗峰) for the first time.
Symbol:
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, the initiator of the first ascent followed next year.
Development
Widely spread in 19th century:
In Europe the sport largely originated in the Alps .
The Alpine Club was founded in London in 1857.
Edward Whymper's ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865 marked the Golden age of alpinism.
Attention to the mountains of North America in 1888
A man climbs to the 8000-meter peak.
The world's highest mountain , Mount Everest was first climbed on May 29, 1953
New exploration under the technical development in late 19th century
Another important period:1950—1964
In China:
Development more slowly than the west:
The movement began in China in the 1950s
The first batch of mountaineers appeared in 1955 .
The first a team Established in 1956
Ascended Mount Everest in 1960 and 1975.
Accurately detect the height of Mount Everest —— m.
Mountaineering equipment
(1) Camping equipment 宿营装备
Tent cooker bedding all kinds of fuel
(2)Technology equipment
Climbing rope ,oxygen equipment, measuring equipment the altimeter, hygrometer , steel cone, mountain climbing iron lock, lifter, hang ladder, tackle , snow shovel, etc.
(3) Personal equipment.
Mountaineering clothing, shoes, boots, helmet, flashlight, gloves, safety goggles, alpenstock, etc.
features: handy to carry, durable, easy to remove, multi-