从句名词性从句.ppt

从句( 名词性从句)
主语从句;表语从句;宾语从句;同位语从句
分辩一下:
* The fact is that he didn’t go to the dinner
party.
* I don’t know if he will attend the meeting.
* Have you heard the news that Mary is going to
marry Tom?
* That Owen should have married his cousin is
not at all surprising.
* It is well-known that water is indispensable to
life.
* He made it quite clear that he preferred to live
here.
保持平衡whether /if 的区别
*1. I don’t know whether (if) she is at home.
* es or not makes no
difference.
* the price before you decide
whether to buy one.
Distictions:
* If ,不能
互换. (见例1)
* Whether 引导的前置主从,表从,介词宾从,动
词不定式时,都不能用if 替换. (见例2)
* if 无权引导不定式, 而 whether 能担此任.
(见例3)
保持平衡that/what的区别
She suggested ( that ) he do it at once.
He always mean what he says.
In spoken and informal written English “that” is usually left out after reporting verbs and adj. It is less often left out after noun.
同位语从句及其标示性名词
标示性名词:fact, idea, opinion, news, hope,
belief, etc.
从属连词that一般来说不能省略。
Eg:
We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms.
The news that we have been invited to the conference is very encouraging.
定语从句(关系代词/副词的选用)
关系代词的选用较复杂,受条件制约。
关系副词的选用较简单:
如 time, day 就用 when;
如place, area, house 就用 where; ( in which )
如先行词为 reason 就用why, ( for which )
That 与 which 的一些区别:
当先行词为all,sth. Nothing,
或先行词前有first, last,only, few, much, some, no,
或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰,
一般只用that,不用which
定语从句
Which 与 as 的一些区别:
Which ( 可充当主语、宾语)只能置于句中或
句末;
as ( 在从句中只充当主语) 它的位置
较灵活:
可置于句中,句末,又可置于句首。
He was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honor.
.
To be continued…
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which ( as ) is known to all.
As had been expected, he finished first in decathlon (十项全能)at that Olympic Games