加工中心24刀盘式刀库及自动换刀装置机械结构设计.docx

加工中心24刀盘式刀库及自动换刀装置机械结构设计
摘要
随着社会发展和科技的进步,产品加工由手工制造转变为半自动加工制造和全自动加工制造。由此带动了机床产业的飞快发展,数控加工中心应运而生并且发展迅速,但是如何提高定位精度、重复精度及减少自动换刀时间以提高加工效率一直是人们研究的重要课题。
这次毕业设计设计的是加工中心24刀盘式刀库及自动换刀机械结构设计,采用机械手在刀库与刀具主轴之间换刀的自动换刀装置,刀库安装在机床立柱的顶端,用于一般中等容量刀库的机床。单盘式的刀库,刀具与刀盘垂直,采用液压马达和伺服电机驱动刀库,使其可以进行回转运动,并且使用蜗轮蜗杆传动作为一种减速装置。
本次设计的重点部分在于蜗轮、蜗杆和主要轴的设计计算及其校核,控制刀库运刀的部分使用液压及PLC来操纵。抓刀的机械手设计部分是采用单臂双爪式。
关键字:加工中心;盘式刀库;机械手;PLC
Abstract
With the progress of social development and science technology, product processing is transformed from manual manufacturing to semi-automatic processing and automatic processing. Thus driving the rapid development of the machine tool industry, CNC machining center came into being and developed quickly, but how to improve the positioning accuracy and repeat precision and reduce the automatic tool change time in order to improve the machining efficiency has been the important topic studied by people.
This graduation design is design of machining center 24 disc knife library and automatic tool change of mechanical structure design, the manipulator in the knife tool change between library and tool spindle automatic tool change device, knife library is installed on the top of the machine tool column, used in general machine tool of intermediate size knife library. Single disc knife library, vertical cutter and cutting wheel, driven by hydraulic motor and servo motor knife library, making it possible to rotary motion, and use the worm gear and worm drive as a kind of speed reducer.
The key part of this design is the design and calculation of worm gear, worm and main shaft, and the control of the part of the operation knife, which is controlled by hydraulic and PLC. The design part of the manipulator is a single arm double claw.
Key words: machining center;disc cutter base;manipulator;PLC
目录
引言 1
第一章加工中心的简介 2
加工中心的发展历史 2
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
第二章刀库种类 9
9