计算机专业英语论文--硬件概述.doc

题目:计算机硬件概述(Overview of puter hardware based)
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puter is a fast and accurate symbol processing system. It can accept, store, process data and produce output results. puter can automatically process data without human intervention. However, it must be given a set of instruction to guide it, step by step, through processes. The set of instructions is called a program, The program is stored physically inside the machine, making it a program.
puter systems of interest to us are similar. They contain ponents for input, central processing unit and output. The system on the small-scale is called a puter or puter. Continuing up the size scale, the puter is one that may offer a faster processing speed and a greater storage capacity than a typical mini. es the puter, designed to plex scientific applications, which is the largest and fastest.
Although the capacity puters' storage locations is varied, puter stores numbers, letters, and other characters in a coded form. Every character in the storage is represented by a string of 0s and 1s, the only digits founded in the binary numbering system. BCD and ASCII are puter codes.
So, what part puter hardware that contains it? Computer hardware has four parts: the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, storage hardware, input hardware, and output hardware.
The Central Processing Unit
Pronounced as separate letters it is the abbreviation for central processing unit. The CPU is the brains of puter. Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor, but monly called processor, the CPU is where most calculations take place. In terms puting power, the CPU is the most important element of puter system.
On large machines, CPUs require one or more printed circuit boards. On puters and small workstations, the CPU is housed in a single chip called a microprocessor. Since the 1970's the microprocessor class of CPUs has pletely overtaken all other CPU implementations.
Early CPUs were cu