美国数学竞赛AMC常用单词.doc

美国数学竞赛(AMC)常用单词美国数学竞赛(AMC)常用单词数学mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,reaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)整数integer小数decimal小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binarysystem十六进制hexadecimalsystem权weight,significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式,方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数,幂exponent乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower开方evolution,extraction二次方根,平方根squareroot三次方根,立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,plement映射mapping函数function定义域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)riangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等边三角形equilateraltriangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateralpolygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面