关于自闭症的英文 PPT课件.ppt

The Practice of Science and the Science of Practice in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Samuel L. Odom
FPG Child Development Institute
University of North Carolina
Goals of the Presentation
Describe the origins of evidence-based practice
Examine process and criteria for identifying evidence-based practice in behavioral intervention research
Discuss issues related to implementation of EBPs
Describe strategies for supporting implementation
Animal Models for Intervention
Neuroscience
Autism and ASD: Agreeing on Terminology and Characteristics
Definition and Diagnosis (Autistic Disorder)
DSM-IV Criteria often the standard for diagnosis criteria
Core features
munication
Repetitive behavior/need for sameness
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autistic Disorder
Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified
Asperger’s Disorder
Practice of Science in Autism Intervention Research
Goals have been:
Cure autism
Remediate or ameliorate condition for children and families
Social science intervention research has focused on two classes of interventions in its research prehensive treatment models
Focused intervention models
What Do We Mean By Practice?Comprehensive Models vs. Focused Interventions
Comprehensive models are ponent programs designed to positively and systematically affect the lives of children with ASD and their families
Focused interventions are procedures that promote individual skills or learning within a specific skill area.
Origins of Evidence Based Practices
Current emphasis may be traced to Cochrane’s (1972) concern about the lack of use of research in health care practice
Formation of Cochrane Collaborative to conduct systematic reviews of effects of health care interventions
Evidence-based medicine coined as a term at McMaster University in 1980’s
Sackett and colleagues were primary early advocates for evidence-based medicine
Neither old hat nor impossible to practice
Not at “cook-book” medicine
Not a cost cutting medicine
Not restricted to randomized