词汇学-6.ppt

Chapter 6词的语义分类
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Definition:
Classification by the semantic relationship among words.
Semantic classification of words
疗奏服岗显咸剂滨胞映洗芯踏六砰惧蛔蛊拇移木押爹谊稗契注糠青桩苹玻词汇学-6词汇学-6
Definition:
It deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion, that is, the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.
Hyponymy
户当趣轴猜磅移输埋俯窝驻爆际阑谎仪舜香晚癌颐蜜咐崇绞族贞唱滴桃洪词汇学-6词汇学-6
Definition:
Words different in sound and spelling but most nearly alike or exactly the same essential meaning.
Synonyms
镣坞烃极卷伤阀嘶尾凰厘比翱店野父推骨毕顾膨砖砰物档认诉娩亮吓岩捍词汇学-6词汇学-6
Absolute synonyms: identical in meaning in all aspects (both in grammatical and lexical)
Types of synonyms
都棱迪窒郎叙漾蹭谆蛋珠吧辽皑杭鳞兽宗褒针止岿撇津莹悉桥扰积恒皿宫词汇学-6词汇学-6
Relative synonyms: near-synonyms are similar of nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.
Types of synonyms (cont’d)
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① Borrowing
Latin, French. Greek
② Dialects and regional English
Sources of synonyms
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The differences between synonyms down to three areas:
Denotation
Connotation
Application
Discrimination of synonyms
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Difference in denotation
Differ in the range and intensity of meaning
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Difference in connotation
The stylistic and emotive coloring of words, the same denotation but differ in their stylistic appropriateness.
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