高层住宅厨房公共排烟道不均匀开启率对烟道内烟气流动影响.pdf

西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文
高层住宅厨房公共排烟道不均匀开启率对
烟道内烟气流动的影响

专业:供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程
硕士生:高明侠
指导教师:李安桂教授
摘要
在我国的大、中城市,高层建筑逐渐成为城市住宅的普遍形式,而厨房作为
住宅中的“心脏”,其清洁度越来越受到人们的关注;目前高层住宅厨房烟道主要形
式为竖向集中排烟系统,这种排烟方式主要存在的问题是止回阀长期使用后,其
表面会粘有污垢,油渍,厚厚的油污使得止回阀无法正常开启,从而使得油烟无
法排出,也常出现串味,倒灌等问题。有时火苗串到粘稠得油渍处,还会引起火
灾;整个烟道中,排气不均匀,这些问题常使得厨房充满许多有害气体,对人体
健康危害很大。
本文研究了 32 层住宅厨房公共排烟道的流场,其在均匀开启时,3 种不同温
差下,开机率分别在 %,%,50%,%,%,100%六种工况下,压
强随着楼层高度的增加不断降低,在楼层的最底层出现最高压力,使得底层用户
排烟不通畅, 随着开机率的提高而压力不断升高,即开启用户越多,底层的压力
越大,底层用户倒灌问题就会越严重;公共排烟道内的风量随着高度的增加而不
断增加,随着开机率的不断增加而增加,在抽油烟机开启的断面,风量明显增加,
在出风口风量达到最大值。
本文研究了在非均匀开机时,3 种不同温差下,压力及风量随着楼层高度的变
化情况;开机率为 %和 %,不均匀开启的不同组合方式下,温差相同时,
各楼层的压力是不同的,开机率相同时,开启的油烟机越集中在下部,底层用户
的静压力就越大,其有可能使抽油烟机无法正常向烟道排风。各楼层的风量各不
相同,但是在出风口风量一致。温差不同时,各楼层的压力会随着温差的增加而
增加,尤其是在室内温度低于室外温度时,各楼层的压力会有明显的下降;同一
工况下各楼层的风量是相同的。
关键词:住宅厨房;公共排烟道;不均匀开启;数值模拟
西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文
Effect of gas flow by range hoods in random opening in the
residential kitchen Public exhaust flue in High-rise Building
Major: Heating,Ventilation and Air-conditioning Engineering
Candidate: Gao mingxia
Supervisor: Pro. Li Angui
ABSTRACT
In the big cities of our country,high building have gradually e a general
form of urban houses, and the kitchen as "heart" of the residence, its cleanness is more
and more attention by present vertical concentration exhaust system is a
mainly form in high-rise residential kitchen flue, Main problems of the exhaust way is
that the check valve is used for a long time, its surface will be soiled by the dirt, thick
oily, which does't normally make check valve open, thus Range hoods can't discharge
FG, there is a flow backward the flame string to the sticky to
thick oily, which can give rise to fire. In the flue, The minimum and maximum exhaust
volume are very different, which brings distress to the user choosing Range hoods,
These question may often lead to harmful gas fill in kitchen,which is not well to