本科毕业论文-基于AT89C51单片机的水塔智能水位控制系统设计.docx

水塔智能水位控制系统设计
THE DESIGN OF CONTROL SYSTEM OF INTELLIGENT WATER TOWER
专业:测控技术与仪器
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指导教师:
申请学位级别:学士
论文提交日期:2015年6月
学位授予单位:天津科技大学
摘要
我们的生命离不开水,供水问题是我们生活中必须面对的问题。我们生活中基本都用水塔供水,水塔水位控制系统就是为安全供水提供解决方案。水塔供水的主要问题是塔内的水需要始终保持在适当的位置,不能出现“空水”、“溢水”状况发生。传统的控水系统存在着许多问题,例如控制精度低、能耗大等缺陷。水塔智能水位控制系统的成本低,安装方便,灵敏度高,是节能环保、节约水资源,方便生活的水塔水位控制的理想装置。
本设计介绍的是一种用AT89C51单片机做主控元件的半导体压力传感器水塔水位测量系统。半导体压力传感器是一种将被测件上的应变变化转换成为一种电信号的敏感器件。通常是将应变片通过特殊的粘和剂紧密的粘合在产生力学应变的基体上,当基体受力发生应力变化时,电阻应变片也一起产生形变,使应变片的阻值发生改变,从而使加在电阻上的电压发生变化。这种应变片在受力时产生的阻值变化通常较小,一般这种应变片都组成应变电桥,并通过后续的仪表放大器进行放大、滤波,然后输入到串行的A/D转换器中进行模-数转换,模-数转换以后得到的数字信号直接送入单片机,经过单片机分析处理后根据相应的结果通过继电器对水泵电机进行控制,从而进行对水位的控制,与此同时将测量结果显示出来。
关键词:水位控制;单片机;压力传感器
ABSTRACT
       We can not live without water, and water suppliment is an problem we have to face in our life. In our life, water often supplied by water tower, and the water level control system of water tower provides solutions to water suppliment problem. The main issue of water suppliment of water tower is that water in the tower needs to be controlled under an appropriate level, the situation of "water shortage " and "water overflow" are not allowed to happen. Many limitations exist in traditional water control system, such as the low controlling accuracy and high energy consumption. Due to its low cost, convenient installation and high sensitivity, thr intellectual water level control system of water tower has e an ideal device to protect environment, save water and bring convenience to life.
       This design introduces a water level measuring system of semiconductor pressure sensor, which uses a kind of single- chip puter(SCM) called AT89C51 as its main controlling elements. Semiconductor pressure sensor is a sensing device that can transform the change of stress and strain on the object into a kind of electrical signal, generally, the semiconductor pressure sensor cements  the strain gauge on the matrix that produces mechanical strain by using a special binder, when the strain changes oc