AmericanLiteratureTheAmericanModernism(IV)(1914-1945)(1899-1961):BorninOakPark,Illinois,thesonofacountrydoctor,;woundedontheAustro-Italianfrontjustbeforehis19thbirthday,(复原)intheUnitedStates,(圈内人)ofexpatriateAmericansthatincludedGertrudeStein,EzraPound,,,‘,anxiety-ridden,depressed,andillwithcancer,heshothimself,(身后的)publishedbooksaretheadmiredmemoirofhisapprenticedaysinParis:AMoveableFeast(1964),andIslandsintheStream(1970),consistingofthreecloselyrelatednovellas(短篇小说).:TheSunAlsoRise(1926)Thenovelconcernsagroupofpsychologicallybruised,disillusionedexpatriateslivinginpostwarParis,whotakepsychicrefugeinsuchimmediatephysicalactivitiesaseating,drinking,traveling,brawling,,hewasrecognizedasthespokesmanofthe“lostgeneration”(socalledbyGertrudeStein).AFarewellToArms(1929)(1932),anonfictionworkaboutbullfightingGreenHillsofAfrica(1935),anonfictionworkaboutbig-gamehunting,glorifyvirility(男子气),bravery,andthevirtueofaprimal(最初的)(1937)TheFifthColumn(hisonlyplay1938)ForWhomTheBellTolls(1940),indetailinganincidentinthewar,(1950)TheOldManAndTheSea(1952,PulitzerPrize),celebratestheindomitable(不屈服的):AMoveableFeast(196
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