考研无机化学 知识点总结.doc

考研无机化学_知识点总结考研无机化学_知识点总结第一章物质存在的状态………………………………………………………………2一、气体..........................................................................................................2二、液体..........................................................................................................3①溶液与蒸汽压................................................................................................3②溶液的沸点升高和凝固点的下降...................................................................3③渗透压..........................................................................................................4④非电解质稀溶液的依数性..............................................................................4三、胶体..........................................................................................................4第二章化学动力学初步……………………………………………………………5一、化学反应速率............................................................................................5二、化学反应速率理论.....................................................................................6三、影响化学反应速率的因素..........................................................................62、温度............................................................................................................7第三章化学热力学初步……………………………………………………………8一、热力学定律及基本定律..............................................................................8二、化学热力学四个重要的状态函数................................................................94、自由能.......................................................................................................10①吉布斯自由能..............................................................................................10②自由能G——反应自发性的判据..................................................................11③标准摩尔生成自由能∆fGm........................................................................11θ④有关∆Gθ的计算..........................................................................................11三、化学热力学的应用...................................................................................11一、化学平衡......