语言学概论-总结.doc

语言学概论 总结
Chapter 1 ---- Introduction
Part One 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
★Definition of language 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
★ ★ ★Design features of language 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
★ ★Functions of language 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
Part Two 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
★ Definition of linguistics 文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
★ ★The scope of linguistics 文档来自于网络搜索
★ ★ ★ Important distinctions in linguistics 个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
Exercises:资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
1）Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language ? (2005)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
A. arbitrariness任意性 B. productivity 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
C. cultural transmission D. finiteness有限性文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
2）The distinction between parole言语and langue 语言was made by _____. (2006)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
A. Halliday C. Saussure索绪尔（瑞士语言学家）文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
B. Chomsky 乔姆斯基（美国语言学家，转换生成语法的创始人）资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
D. Bloomfield布洛姆菲尔德（美国语言学家教育家） 个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
考点：语言流派的主要代表人物、四对概念的区分。文档来自于网络搜索
3）Language is a tool of communication. The symbol “high way closed” on a high way serves _____. (2010)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
A. an expressive function表达功能资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
B. an informative function信息功能文档来自于网络搜索
C. a performative function行事/施为功能文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
D. a persuasive function劝说功能文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
考点：语言的基本功能。信息功能、人际功能、施为功能、感情功能、寒暄功能、娱乐功能。其中最重要的是信息功能。文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
4）The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is
A. informative B. phatic寒暄功能资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
C. directive指示功能 D. performative个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
What is language? P7-8个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
Language can be generally defined as a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. 语言是人类用来交际的任意性的有声符号体系。文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习
Language is a 勿做商业用途
Systematic---- rule-governed受规则制约的, elements in it are arranged according to certain rules； can’t be combined at will. . *bkli， *I apple
2）Language is 勿做商业用途
Arbitrary---- no intrinsic connection between the word and the thing it denotes表示. . “pen” by any other name is the thing we use to write ，仅用于个人学习