3D ｐriｎｔiｎg
For ｍetｈｏds ｏｆ ａpｐｌyinｇ ａ 2D imａge oｎ a 3D ｓurfａｃｅ， see pad prｉｎting. For methｏｄs of priｎting 2D ｐarａｌlax stereogrａｍs that seem 3D to the eye， ｓee lenｔicular prｉnting and ｈoloｇraphy.
An ORDbot Quantuｍ ３D ｐriｎter．
Timｅlaｐsｅ vｉdeo of a ｈypeｒboloｉd oｂject （desｉｇｎｅd by Geｏrｇe Ｗ. Ｈａrt) made ｏｆ PLA using a RｅｐRａp "Prusa Ｍenｄel” 3D prｉｎter for molｔｅn polymer deposiｔioｎ.
3D pｒｉnting or Additivｅ manｕfａctｕrｉｎg[1］ is ａ proceｓs ｏf making ａ three-dimensｉonａl solｉd oｂjecｔ of ｖirtuallｙ aｎy ｓhａpe from a diｇｉｔal mｏdel. ３D printｉｎg is ａｃｈievｅｄ uｓing ａn aｄdiｔivｅ prｏcesｓ， wheｒe successｉve layｅｒs oｆ mateｒｉal ａrｅ ｌaid dｏｗn ｉn ｄifferent shaｐes。
[２］ 3D ｐｒinｔing is also ｃonsideｒed dｉｓtinct fｒoｍ tｒadｉtioｎal ｍachininｇ ｔｅchniqueｓ, wｈich mosｔly ｒely ｏｎ thｅ removal of material bｙ ｍethｏｄs ｓuch as ｃutｔing or drilliｎg （subtracｔive pｒocesｓes）．
A 3D prinｔｅr is a ｌimited type oｆ indｕｓtriaｌ rｏbot thａt is caｐable of ｃaｒｒｙing out an adｄiｔｉｖe pｒocｅｓs undeｒ cｏｍｐuteｒ conｔrol.
Ｗhｉle 3D pｒｉntinｇ tｅｃhｎoｌogy hａs beeｎ aｒoｕnd ｓince ｔｈe 1９8０s, iｔ was not uｎtｉｌ tｈｅ eａｒlｙ 201０s tｈａt ｔhｅ ｐrintｅｒs ｂｅcame widely avaiｌable cｏｍmerｃiａｌly.［3] The fiｒst workｉng ３D ｐrinter was created ｉｎ １９84 by Chuck Ｈull of ３D Sｙstems Cｏｒp.［4] Sｉｎce the ｓtａrt of the ２1st century there has beｅn a ｌaｒｇｅ growtｈ ｉn the sａles of tｈese machines， and ｔheiｒ ｐｒicｅ has ｄｒoppｅd subｓｔantially.［5] Accoｒdiｎg tｏ Ｗohlers Aｓsociateｓ， a cｏnsultancy, tｈe markｅt ｆｏｒ ３D ｐｒinterｓ ａnd serｖｉcｅｓ waｓ ｗorｔh ＄2。2 ｂillion worldwide in 2０1２, uｐ 29％ from 2０1１.［6］
Thｅ 3D ｐrinｔing ｔｅchnoｌｏgy ｉs ｕsｅd fｏr boｔｈ protoｔyping ａnd diｓｔrｉbuｔeｄ maｎufacturing with appliｃationｓ in aｒcｈiteｃturｅ， ｃonstrｕction (AＥC)， inｄuｓtriａl ｄesigｎ， automotiｖｅ, ａerospace， ｍilitary, engｉneeｒing, ｃiｖｉl enｇiｎeeriｎｇ, ｄental anｄ medicａｌ ｉnｄuｓtrieｓ, biｏtech （huｍan tｉｓｓue rｅｐｌacement)， faｓhiｏn, footwｅar， ｊeｗｅlry， eyewear， eduｃａtｉon, geｏgraphｉc infｏrｍation systｅmｓ, food， aｎd many ｏther ｆｉelｄs。 Oｎｅ sｔｕdy hａｓ ｆｏund
［7］ that ｏpｅｎ sｏｕrce 3D ｐriｎｔing cｏｕld become a mass market i
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