延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换.docx

集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-19882）
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一. 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有: ⑴ for+一段时间, 如 ：for 2 years; ⑵ since从句, 如 since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如 since last year, since 5 days ago. 例:
He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days.
二. 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如: open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例: He died 5 years ago.
：
例： He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.
这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词 改为延续性动词。
下面是一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词，须牢记。
leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,
begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over,
join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构,
open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up,
catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here,
go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back,
fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),
leave --- be away from,