词汇学 复习资料.doc

词汇学 复习资料.docUnit 1
名词解释：
Lexicology
Lexicology, which contains two Greek morphemes: lexikon (word) and logie (learning or the study of), is the branch of linguistics, concerned with "the study of the meaning and uses of words5 (LDCE).
English lexicology
English lexicology is a theory一based course in which the basic theories of English words are mainly discussed. Nevertheless, it is a practical course as well, for in the discussion, we will certainly deal with a great number of words and idioms, and site a great many examples. There will, naturally, be a lot of practice involved.
Phonetics
Phonetics is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for the description, classification and transcription.
Morphology词法/形态学
Morphology is the branch of linguistics, which studies the internal structure of words and rules by which words are formed. In other words, it identifies the smallest meaningful units in a language which are called morphemes and look into the ways the morphemes are arranged to form words.
Grammar
Grammar is the study or the use of the rules by which words change their forms and are combined into sentences.
Semantics
Semantics is the branch of linguistics which studies the meanings of language in different linguistic levels: lexicon, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. Lexicology focuses on the lexical level.
Etymology词源学
Etymology is the scientific study of the origins, history, and changing meanings of words.
Stylistics语体学/文体学
Stylistics is “the study of optional variations in the sounds, forms, or vocabulary of a language as characteristic of different uses of language, different situations of use, or different literary types. ”
synchronic approach 共时方法
If we study English words as they exists at a particular point in time, it is synchronic study. For instance, one could carry out a synchronic description of the words of Beowulf, of Chaucer, of Shakespeare or of present一day English, disregardin