主谓一致.doc

主谓一致一用单数的情况 1 名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词( Grammatical Concord ) E g: Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. 2 主语(Subject) 在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可被视为是单数的,随后谓语动词(Predicate Verb) 也要用单数( Notional Concord ) E g: Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register ( 现金出纳机). 3 根据就近原则(Principle of Proximity) 用单数的情况 A. There be 句型即存在句(Existential Sentence) 中当中最靠近 be 动词的实义主语(Notional Subject) 是单数形式或不可数;若实义主语是并列结构( coordinate construction )则根据第一个并列成分( coordinate element ) E g: There isa note left on the desk. (实义主语是单个) There isa long springboard (跳板) and three rafts at varying distances from the shore. (并列结构) or, nor , either … or, neither … nor , not only … but also 连接的并列结构作语: E g: My sister or my brother is likely to be at home. Either her father or her brothers ing. N either the Kansas players nor the coach was overconfident. N ot only the switches but also the old wiring has been changed. 4以-s 结尾的疾病名称: arthritis (关节炎) ,bronchitis (支气管炎), rickets( 软骨病), mumps (腮腺炎), diabetes (糖尿病), phlebitis (静脉炎) 通常用单数 E g: Mumps isa kind of infectious disease. P hlebitis isa swollen (肿大的) condition of the blood vessels (血管) . Attention: 有些疾病名称即可作单数又可作复数,如: measles ( 麻疹), rickets (软骨病) E g: Generally, measles occurs in children. M easles are sometimes caused by a tapeworm (绦虫) . R ickets are/is caused by malnutrition (营养不良) . 5以-s 结尾的游戏名称(注意:是表示名称): darts( 投镖游戏