膀胱肿瘤.pptx

膀胱肿瘤Bladder tumor业务学习06-02一概述膀胱肿瘤是泌尿系统最常见的肿瘤,在我国,其发病率和死亡率均占泌尿系肿瘤的首位。A、summarizeBladder cancer accounts for nearly the mon in urinary system. 二分类?(1)上皮性,占95%以上,?其中乳头状瘤(2%),移行细胞癌(94%),原位癌(1%),鳞状细胞癌(2%),腺癌(1%)。?(2)非上皮性B、classification:?(1)Superficial ,more than 95%,?approximately 2% of that are papillary cancer,94% are transitional cell cancer.?(2)invasive,三病因内在的遗传因素和外在的环境因素,肿瘤发病是复杂的多种因素作用的结果。C、pathogeny?Heredity factor inside and environmental factor outside,which plicated. 1、遗传易感性:膀胱肿瘤和性别年龄关系密切,发病率男性比女性高2~10倍;60岁以后发病率高,很少在40岁以前发病。1 、Heredity susceptibility: the incidence of bladder cancer increases directly with age and sex, which increases in people after 60 years old and is 2-10 times mon in men as in women.?2、危险因素:?膀胱癌与环境职业,吸烟,感染,慢性炎症,结石,异物,盆腔照射,细胞毒化疗药物等有关。?2. Risk factor: there are environment, occupation, smoking, infection, calculus and so 、生物学特点:对膀胱癌生物学行为的研究表明膀胱癌的发生是一个多阶段过程,包含了多种基因突变,这些突变又可被分为早期和晚期。3. Biological characteristic: it contains manifold gene mutation. 四病理1、组织病理1)上皮化生和增生2)尿路粘膜分化不良3)原位癌4)移行细胞癌5)鳞状细胞癌6)腺癌1、Tissue pathology 1)Epithelial metaplasia and hyperplasia2) Urethral mucous membrane poor differentiation 3) Carcinoma in situ 4) Transitional cell carcinoma5) Squamous cell carcinoma6) Adenocarcinom2、肿瘤的扩散1)直接扩散2)淋巴结转移和血行转移3)种植性扩散2、Diffusion1) Direct diffusion2) Lymphatic and vascular spread3) implantation五临床表现1、性别与年龄:膀胱肿瘤高发年龄:50~70岁,男性多于女性,男、女之比约为3~4:1。E、Clinical manifestation?1、Sex and age : ? the peak incidence is in persons from 50-70 years old, with a male-to-female predominance of 3-4:1.