skiing–asportofmovement滑雪中的身体运动TheNZSIAhas.doc

SKIING –A SPORT OF MOVEMENT 滑雪中的身体运动 The NZSIA has identified four movements to demonstrate how skiing works. This section discusses the four movements and how they are applied when skiing. It is important for instructors and skiers to understand not only how the movements work individually but also how they work with, and affect one another, to create different ski/snow interactions. A thorough understanding of the four movements provides the instructor with the ability to teach skiing effectively and to accurately analyse a skier ’s movements. NZSIA 用四种身体运动对滑雪的运动机制进行说明,本章将阐述四种运动在滑雪运动中的应用,教练和滑雪者都应了解它们是如何运作的,动作之间又是如何协作和互相影响,最终形成雪板和雪面各种互动关系。充分了解这四种身体运动后,教练员就具有了有效教学的能力,以及准确评估学生动作的眼光。 THE FOUR MOVEMENTS OF SKIING 四种身体运动 The four movements of skiing are: 它们是: FORE/AFT MOVEMENT 前后运动 ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT 旋转运动 LATERAL MOVEMENT 横向运动 VERTICAL MOVEMENT 垂直运动 Each of the movements has a direct effect on the skis and how they interact with the snow. The movements and their effect are applied through the base of support , which is defined as the portion of the ski or skis under the foot or feet. Another important term referred to in this chapter is the centre of gravity which is defined as the point in the body where all mass acts as if it is concentrated. For example the body rotates around the centre of gravity when it performs a spin in the air. The location of the centre of gravity changes as we move and can even fall outside of the body. Standing still ina good athletic skiing position, the centre of gravity will be in our core area, approximately in line with our navel and a few centimetres in front of our spine. 每一种运动都对雪板产生不同的作用并最终传导至雪面与雪板的互动关系。运动通过支撑面施加作用。支撑面是指脚部与雪板的接触面。本章涉及的另外一个重要概念是重心,它是人的质量集中于此的假想点。在空中旋转时,身体即是围绕着重心旋转。当我们运动时,重心会不断变化,有时甚至处于身体之外。以滑行姿势站立时,身体的重心处于核心区域,大致位于于肚脐齐平、脊柱往前几厘米的地方。 FORE/AFT MOVEMENT 前后运动 Fore/Aft movement occurs along the length of the skis and is controlled by the ankle, knee and hip joints, movement in the spine and the position of th