初一英语的知识点名词变复数.doc

1 II. 名词的数: 1. 规则名词的复数形式: 名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es 。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下: 规则例词 1 )一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 2)以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-di shes 3 )以-f或-fe 结尾的词变-f和-fe 为 v 再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y为 i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 5 )以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词,或专有名词以 y 结尾的, 加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6 )以辅音字母加-o 结尾的名词一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potat oes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/volcanos 7 )以元音字母加-o 结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 )以-th 结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则名词复数: 英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下: 规则例词 2 1 )改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-g eese, mouse-mice 2 )单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan,jin, 3 )只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4 )一些集体名词总是用作复数 people,police,cattle,staff 5 )部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员) audience,class,fa mily, crowd,couple,mittee,gov