高考语法之非谓语动词.doc

非谓语动词非谓语动词顾名思义在句中不能做谓语,但可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语和状语。非谓语动词包括: 动词不定式、动词的-ing 形式和动词的-ed 形式三种。非谓语动词有以下几种形式的变化。非谓语动词形态语态主动语态被动语态动词不定式一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 动名词与现在分词一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词一般式 done I. 动词不定式动词不定式由“ to+ 动词原形”构成。这里的 to 是不定式的标志,没有意义。 1. 动词不定式作宾语:即动词+to do ,试着写出带括号动词的含义吧。可以接不定式作宾语的动词有: afford (), promise (), refuse (), expect (), hope, learn, offer (), wish, want, fail (), plan, agree, like, prefer. decide, manage (), pretend (), desire () 等。 2 .动词不定式作宾语补足语:即动词+sb. + to do, 试着写出带括号动词的含义吧。不定式常跟在以下动词后作宾补: advise (), ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid (), request ( ),require( )等但在 see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, observe, feel, make, let, have 动词之后,用省略 to 的不定式作宾补(即动词+sb. +do ), 但当变为被动语态时, 不定式要带 to(即 be+ 动词的过去分词+to do)。 The doctor advised her to have a good rest. I often hear him sing the song.----He is often heard to sing the song. Ⅱ. 动词的-ing 形式 1. 动词的-ing 形式作宾语,即动词+doing ,请写出以下带括号动词的含义吧。以下动词或词组后用动词的-ing 形式作宾语,不用不定式: admit (), appreciate (), avoid (), advise, allow (), consider (), delay (), dislike, enjoy, escape (), finish, imagine (), keep, mind (), miss (), practice (), permit (), forbid (), suggest (), risk (), lead to(), look forward to(), give up, can ’t help () 等。 Would you mind my opening the window? I look forward to seeing you again. 2. 动词的-ing 形式作宾语补足