欧洲文化入门.ppt

Term Plan
Greek Culture
Roman Culture
Bible & Christianity
Middle Ages
Renaissance
Reformation & counter-reformation
The 17th Century
Enlightenment
Romanticism
Realism
1
Greek Culture
Ancient Greece time line
Homer
Greek Drama
Greek Mythology
Philosophy & Science
Athenian Architecture and Arts
2
1100 BC ~ the 8th century BC “Greek Dark Ages"
the 8th century BC ~ 323 BC
The reign of Alexander the Great ended with his death in 323 BC.
Ancient Greece time line
1600 BC to about 1100 BC 
History of Mycenaean Greece (迈锡尼) known for the reign of King Agamemnon (阿伽门农), and the wars against Troy. It is the historical setting of the epics of Homer and much other Greek mythology.
3
author of the Iliad《伊利亚特》 and the Odyssey 《奥德赛》, two epics of ancient Greece.
Homer
The Iliad is set in the final year of the Trojan war.
The Odyssey describes the return of the Greek hero Odysseus from the Trojan war.
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Aeschylus: Prometheus Bound 《被缚的普罗米修斯》
Sophocles: Oedipus the King 《俄底浦斯王》(“the plex”)
Euripides: Medea《美狄亚》
Greek Drama
5
Pandora’s box:
Achilles' heel:
Penelope's web:
Gordian knot:
万恶之源
致命弱点
完不成的任务
难题、僵局
Greek Mythology
6
Philosophy & Science
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Pythagoras 毕达哥拉斯
Archimedes 阿基米德
Euclid 欧几里得
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Socrates’ thinking
Scant regard for material wealth
Ignorance is a source of evil and wrongdoing.
He questioned everything, everyone.
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Plato vs. Aristotle
A. emphasized direct observation of nature and theory should follow fact.
P. relied on subjective thinking, idealism.
A. thought “form” and matter together made up concrete individual realities.
P. held ideas had a higher reality than the physical world.
9
Pythagorean theorem/Proposition 勾股定理
Pythagoras 毕达哥拉斯
Archimedes 阿基米德
principle of the lever “Give me a place to stand, I can move the world.”
Euclid 欧几里德
Euclidean geometry
—father of geometry
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