番茄花园-Pneumonia.ppt

Pneumonia
Definition
• Pneumonia is an acute infection of the
parenchyma of the lung(肺实质), caused by
bacteria, fungi(真菌), virus, parasite(寄生虫) etc.
• Pneumonia may also be caused by other factors
including X-ray, chemical, allergen
Epidemiology
The morbidity and mortality of pneumonia are high especially in old people.
Etiology
There are two factors involved in the formation of pneumonia , including pathogens and host defenses.
Classification
Classification of anatomy
Classification of pathogen
Classification of acquired environment
Ⅰ.Classification by pathogen
Pathogen classification is the most useful
to treat the patients by choosing effective
antimicrobial agents
Bacterial pneumonia
(1) Aerobic Gram-positive bacteria,such
as us pneumoniae, staphy-
us aureus, Group A hemolytic
i
(2) Aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, such
as klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemophilus
influenzae, Escherichia coli
(3) Anaerobic bacteria
Atypical pneumonia
Including Legionnaies pneumonia ,
Mycoplasmal pneumonia ,chlamydia pneumonia.
Fungal pneumonia
Fungal pneumonia monly caused by candida(念珠菌) and aspergilosis(曲菌).
pneumocystis jiroveci(肺孢子虫)