西周不存在户籍制度.doc

西周不存在户籍制度.doc西周不存在户籍制度
The Household Registration System Did Not Exist in the Western Zhou Dynasty
Li Shufang
(渭南师范学院,渭南 714000)
(Weinan Teachers University,Weinan 714000,China)

摘要:有很多学者认为,西周时已经形成了户籍制度。可是对比后代的一些史实我们会发现西周不可能存在户籍制,原因有三:一、从户籍制度形成的条件来分析,西周不可能存在户籍制度;二、《周礼》所记载的户籍制度不是西周时的实际制度;三载也能说明西周时不存在户籍制度。真正的户籍制度形成于战国时期。
Abstract: Many scholars believe that in Western Zhou Dynasty, the household registration system has been formed. The author discusses three aspects of the Western Zhou Dynasty there can be no household registration system: first, from the conditions for the formation of the household registration system, the Western Zhou Dynasty there can be no household registration system; second, the household registration system recorded in Zhou Li is not the actual system of the Western Zhou Dynasty; third, record of the Guo Yu also shows the household registration system does not exist in the Western Zhou Dynasty. And pointed out that real household registration system was established in
the Warring States Period.
关键词:西周户籍户籍制度
Key words: Western Zhou Dynasty;household registration;household registration system
中图分类号:K23文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-4311(2011)20-0297-02
0引言
户籍制度在我国已存在了几千年,它的形成经历了一个漫长的过程。有很多学者认为,在西周时我国已确立了详细的户籍制度,笔者却不以为然。西周时血缘关系纽带仍然存在,地缘关系没有真正形成,家族是基本的政治经济单位,家长代表全族向国家纳贡或派子弟服役,统治阶级是通过“审之以事”来掌握人口的,因而不需要作详细而具体的人口统计。下面我就分别从三个方面谈谈西周时不存在户籍制度的原因。
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