托福TPO24阅读真题及.docx

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托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
以下,是此次全球托福为正在进行托福备考的考友们整理了托福TPO24阅读真题及答案LakeBreathingDuringSleep。我们建议考友们,先做真题,后看答案进行考证自己的正
确率。以后,全球托福还会进一步推出托福

TPO24阅读真题的做题思路解说剖析,

做完真题
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
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托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题BreathingDuringSleep
BreathingDuringSleep
Ofall
the
physiological
differences
inhumansleep
comparedwith
wakefulness
that
havebeendiscoveredinthelastdecade,changesinrespiratorycontrolaremost
dramatic.
Not
only
arethere
differences
in
the
level
of
the
functioning
of
respiratory
systems,
there
are
evenchanges
inhowthey
function.
Movementsof
the
ribcageforbreathingarereducedduringsleep,makingthecontractionsofthe
,thestomach
applies
weight
against
the
diaphragm
andmakesit
moredifficult
for
the
diaphragm
,therearemanyotherchangesthataffectrespirationwhen
asleep.
Duringwakefulness,
isanautomatic,
subconsciously
adjustsbreathing
rate
anddepth
in
order
to
regulate
the
levels
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)andoxygen(O2),
andthe
acid-base
ratio
inthe
blood.
Thesecond
systemisthevoluntary,
forebrain,anditregulatesbreathingforuseinspeech,singing,sighing,andso
,metabolicsystemand
producesanirregularpatternofbreathing.
DuringNREM(thephaseofsleepinwhichthereisnorapideyemovement)breathing
becomesdeeper
andmoreregular,
but
there
is
also
adecrease
in
the
breathing
rate,
resulting
inlessairbeingexchanged
overall.
This
occurs
becauseduring
NREMsleep
theautomatic,metabolicsystemhasexclusivecontroloverbreathingandthebody
usesless
oxygenandproduces
lesscarbon
dioxide.
Also,
during
sleep
the
automatic
metabolicsystemislessresponsivetocarbondioxidelevelsandoxygenlevelsin

during
,
theremaybeabriefcessationorreduction
ofbreathingwhen
falling
asleep
asthe
sleeper
waxesandwanesbetweensleep
andwakefulness
andtheir
,oncesleepisfullyobtained,thereisan
increase
ofcarbondioxide
andadecrease
ofoxygenin
the
blood
that
persists
during
NREM.
,severalchangesin
theair
passageshavebeenobserved.
It
takes
twice
asmucheffort
to
breathe
during
sleepbecauseofgreaterresistancetoairflowintheairwaysandchangesinthe

theupperairwayopenwhenbreathingtendtobecomemorerelaxedduringsleep,
especiallyduringREM(thephaseofsleepinwhichthereisrapideyemovement).
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
Withoutthismuscularaction,inhalingislikesuckingairoutofaballoon
—the

resistance

"good"side,
suchascongestion
fromallergies
or
acold,
thenresistance
increases
dramatically.
Coupledwith
these
factors
is
the
loss
ofthe
complex
interactions
amongthe
muscles
thatcanchangetherouteofairflowfromnosetomouth.
Otherrespiratory
regulating
mechanismsapparently
ceasefunctioning
during
sleep.
Forexample,
during
wakefulness
there
isanimmediate,automatic,
adaptive
increase
in
breathing
effort
wheninhaling
is
mademoredifficult
(such
asbreathing
through
arestrictivefacemask).ThisreflexiveadjustmentistotallyabsentduringNREM
,resultingin
the
considerableelevation
of
carbon
dioxide
andreduction
of
oxygenin
the
blood,
is
breathing
effort
adjusted.
Finally,
the
coughing
reflex
inreaction
to
irritants

theirritationissevereenough,asleepingpersonwillarouse,cleartheairway,
thenresumebreathingandlikelyreturntosleep.
Additional
breathingchangesoccur
during
REMsleep
that
is
evenmoredramatic
than

REMthanNREMbecause,althoughbreathingismorerapidinREM,itisalsomore
irregular,
addition,
breathing
during
REMdependsmuchmoreonthe
action
of
the
diaphragm
and
muchlessonribcageaction.
Paragraphy1:Ofallthephysiologicaldifferencesinhumansleepcomparedwithwakefulnessthathavebeendiscoveredinthelastdecade,,thereareevenchangesinhowtheyfunction.
Movementsof the rib cage forbreathingarereducedduring sleep,makingthe

down,thestomachapplies weight against thediaphragm andmakesit moredifficult
,therearemanyotherchangesthataffect
respirationwhenasleep.
托福TPO24阅读真题 BreathingDuringSleep题目
Accordingtoparagraph1,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutthediaphragmduringsleep
.
helpswithbreathingasmovementsoftheribcagedecreaseduring
sleep.
.
.
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
,allofthefollowingaretrueofthevoluntary
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
breathingsystemEXCEPT:
.
.
.
.


,whichofthefollowingmayoccurjustbeforeNREMsleepbegins
,metabolicsystemmayincreaseitsdependenceonairexchanges.
.
.
.
Whatistheauthor'spurposeinstatingthatinhalingislikesuckingairoutofaballoon



Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraph4asbeingcharacteristicofbreathingduringsleepEXCEPT


Accordingtoparagraph5,whathappensduringNREMsleepwheninhalingisdifficult
,automatic,adaptiveincreaseinbreathingeffort.
.
.
.
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案

托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
willlikelycausethesleepingpersonto







Thewordresumeinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
reduce
stop
Readjust
restart
of thesentences belowbest expresses theessential informationinthehighlighted
sentenceinthepassageIncorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.
,lessairisexchangedinREM.
.

ismorerapidin
NREMsleep
thanin
REMsleep,breathingoften
becomesshallow.
,
breathingismorerapidthaninNREM.
Paragraphy1:Ofallthephysiologicaldifferencesinhumansleepcomparedwith
wakefulnessthathavebeendiscoveredinthelastdecade,changesinrespiratory

functioningofrespiratorysystems,thereareevenchangesinhowtheyfunction.
Movementsof
the
rib
cageforbreathing
arereduced
during
sleep,
makingthe
contractionsofthediaphragmmoreimportant.[
■]Yetbecauseofthephysicsof
lyingdown,thestomachappliesweightagainstthediaphragmandmakesitmore
difficult
for
the
diaphragmtodoits
job.
[■]However,thereare
manyother
changes
thataffectrespirationwhenasleep.
Paragraphy2:[■]Duringwakefulness,breathingiscontrolledbytwointeracting
systems.
[■]The
first
isanautomatic,
metabolic
system
whosecontrol
is
centered

托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
regulate thelevels ofcarbondioxide (CO2)andoxygen(O2), andtheacid-baseratio
,
centerisbasedintheforebrain,anditregulatesbreathingforuseinspeech,
singing, sighing, iscapable ofignoring oroverridingtheautomatic,
metabolicsystemandproducesanirregularpatternofbreathing.
[■]thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecould
beaddedtothepassage.
Tobetterunderstandbreathingduringsleep,itis,however,helpfultofirstunderstandhowrespirationworksingeneral.
Directions:Fromthesevenstatementsbelow,selectthestatementsthatcorrectlycharacterizebreathingduring
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
wakefulness andthosestatements that correctly
Drageachanswerchoiceyouselect

characterize

breathing during

sleep.
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
.
Thisquestionisworth3points.
1
7
Sleep
2
4
6
AnswerChoices
roleoftheribcageincreasesandtheroleofthediaphragmdecreases.
dioxideinbloodrisesandoxygendrops.
coughingreflexisextremelycomplex.
greatdealofeffortisusedforbreathing.
airwaysareresistanttocoldsandallergies.
isadropinthevolumeofairthatisexchanged.
andvoluntaryrespiratorysystemsarebothinvolved.
托福TPO24阅读真题答案:
B
W:
Theroleofthe...
Automaticandvoluntary...
S:
Carbondioxidein...
Agreatdealof...
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
Thereisadropin...
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
以上即是本次全球托福为大家整理的托福TPO24阅读真题及答案BreathingDuringSleep
以后还会推出托福TPO24阅读真题的做题思路解说剖析,做完真题后,更便于提升托福阅读
能力。更多出色文章,尽在全球托福!

,
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案
托福TPO24阅读真题及答案