定语从句——介词+关系代词
根据表达意思的需要,定语从句有时需要以适当的介词开头。此时,如果被定语从句所修饰的先行词表示的是除人以外的词,定语从句由“介词+which”引导。如果被定语从句所修饰的先行词表示的是人,定语从句则要由“介词+whom”引导。例如:
The bag in which there are some books is mine. 里面装有一些书的那只包是我的。
The girl about whom we often talk ing tomorrow. 我们常谈起的那个女孩明天来。
在使用该类定语从句时,我们要注意以下几点:
1. 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,介词可以放在关系代词前或从句中有关动词后。介词放在从句中谓语动词后面时,whom/which可以省略,也可以用that替换,whom还可以用who替换。例如:
Great changes have taken place in the village in which I once lived. 我曾经住过的那个村庄发生了巨大的变化。(关系代词前)
Great changes have taken place in the village (which/that) I once lived in.(动词后,which/that可省略)
2. 在一些固定搭配的短语中,若将动词和介词分开,意思就会发生变化,所以该介词只能放在从句中的谓语动词后。例如:depend on,get along with,look after,look forward to,take part in等。例如:
The boy (whom / who) I’m looking after is my neighbor. 我正在照顾的那个男孩是我的邻居。
3. 当先行词是way时,关系代词可以用that或in which,也可以省略。例如:
I don’t like the way (that/in which) he talks to me. 我不喜欢他跟我说话的方式。
4. 介词的选取要根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配或根据先行词的特殊用法来确定。例如:
The money with which I bought puter was given by my mother. 我用来买电脑的钱是我母亲给的。
The tree under which there are many flowers was planted ten years ago. 下面有许多花的那棵树是10年前种的。
The day on which I went to Beijing was May 1st. 我去北京的那天是五月一日。
练习
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who
C. from
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