西方哲学史柏拉图.ppt

Plato
Introduction
(1) Life
(2) Writings
(3) Sources
1. Theory of Ideas
(1) Problem of the universal/the particular
(共相和殊相问题)
(2) Meanings of ideas
1) Literally
2) Philosophically
3) English and Chinese translations
(3) The kinds of ideas
(4) Two-level vision of reality/world
2. Theory of Soul(灵魂学说)
(1) Man as a being having a soul and a body
(2) Structure and functions of soul
Rational part: nous/reason
Irrational parts: will, desire…
3. Epistemology(认识论)
(1) Manners of cognition(认识方式)
1) A priori knowledge vs perception
2) Reminiscence(回忆)
3) Aesthetic way (审美之路)
3. Epistemology
(2) Sorts of cognition(认识类型)
1) Opinion
Imagination and belief
2) Truth
Understanding and reason
(3) The metaphor of Cave(洞喻)
(4) Dialectics(辩证法)
4. Ethics
(1) The grounds of ethics
(2) The meanings of life
(3) The virtues of soul
5. Politics
(1) Individuals and the state
(2) Forms of the state and government
(3) Politics and philosophy