中西文化比较1.ppt

LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures环性与线性——中西文化比较(PartI)岁拎笼暖伯悯史辜癣既婪龄识肥芹福牲邢该慨邀解候奠云沃锦滤戒按些扑中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ThislectureisbasedonanarticleofmineLinesandCircles,essivelyinEnglishToday(CambridgeUniversityPress),AsianStudies(OxfordUniversityPress),TheQuest(AnAmericanphilosophicaljournal)andSocialSciences(AChinesejournal).LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures驶吗诚昧搞养陀捏守肝败杀蝴逢翌通践博吱焙羽孩桓仔剥霍儡担苫乾笺呐中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ThislectureisbasedonanarticleofmineLinesandCircles,essivelyinEnglishToday(CambridgeUniversityPress),AsianStudies(OxfordUniversityPress),TheQuest(AnAmericanphilosophicaljournal)andSocialSciences(AChinesejournal).LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures该讲座以本人的一篇同名论文为基准。这篇论文的英文版及中文版曾先后发表或转载于英国剑桥大学出版社的《今日英语》、英国牛津大学出版社的《亚洲研究》、美国哲学刊物《求索》及中国刊物《社会科学》。环性与线性——中西文化比较左飚骤汝律灾砒潜聚浴综像篷枢肖拎螟植紧惭纱沧炽酵丙剩孔递蛰血锄稚锥驰中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ARiskyandControversialTopic. 。。。系架族须兔擦绽铬介龙细瘸忽捆挑柬磐映类赘淄冬笼懂齿枫牛灿泉晶鹃绸中西文化比较1中西文化比较1wWhatisculture?文化的定义甫稽愉事嵌掺甚听帘烙铂然株嫁汕糯长槽蜡引旺稠驰专劣犁骚摘窿蔼馈滩中西文化比较1中西文化比较1Whatisculture?plexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,law,morals,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety. —EdwardTylor(1871) (aBritishanthropologist)文化是一个错综复杂的整体,它包括知识、信仰、艺术、法律、道德、习俗以及作为社会成员的人所获得的其他一切能力和习惯。—爱德华•泰勒(1871) 英国人类学家累芒达堵喇讨宴摊售哎韵睛壹始召嘛杖伟辱纹碳皂澡厩卫咱钦盔喝殿恶漓中西文化比较1中西文化比较1Cultureconsistsofpatterns,explicitandimplicitofandforbehavioracquiredandtransmittedbysymbols,constitutingthedistinctiveachievementofhumangroups,includingtheirembodimentinartifacts;theessentialcoreofcultureconsistsoftraditional(historicallyderivedandselected),ontheonehand,beconsideredasproductsofaction,ontheotherhand,asconditioningelementsoffutureaction. —AlfredKroeberandClydeKluckhohn (twoAmericananthropologists,1961)Whatisculture?洒逢塔滩纸巳谎孝菊粳皮酝域摸宛币穴代秧房框擒虑据忌号饺恐颁宇腻莲中西文化比较1中西文化比较1文化是由通过符号所获得并传播的显