PLANT BREEDING 01 植物育种目标.ppt

植物育种目标BYNiuYingze(牛应泽)育种目标Date2WhatArePlantBreedingObjectives?Plantbreedingobjectivesarethedesired/requiredcharacteristicsforanewcropvariety,suchasYield,Quality,Resistance,Maturity,Adaptability,etc.):1)ponentsofyield:Cereals(rice,wheat,maize,sorghum)禾谷类Ears/plant,Earsize(grains/ear),1000-seedweight,planttypesleguminousplants豆类植物Pods/plant,Grains/pod,100-seedweight,,Seeds/pod,1000-seedweight,,Weight/head§ponentsisveryimportantDate42)Planttype(Ideotypes):size,shape,hight(Associatedtoplantdensityandproduction)Plantforms:Tight紧凑型(forhighdensity)Loose松散型(forlowdensity)Intermediate中间型Plantheight:Tall,Dwarf,semi-dwarfEconomicalcoefficient经济系数3)Photosyntheticefficiency光合效率C3—lessefficient;C4—)Nutritivequality营养品种(protein,aminoacids)2)Processingquality加工品质(baking,milling)mercialquality商业品质(appearance)4)Textureandflavor适口性5)(drought,coldness,freeze,salinity,alkalinity)Date8AdaptationtonewcultivationPractices适应新栽培方式与技术Mechanizedcropproduction机械化作物生产Facility(protected)agriculturalproduction设施(保护地)lasshouse(greenhouse,plastichouse)farmingSoillessfarmingNon-public-harmplantproduction(environmentallyfriendlycropproduction)Date9§2Generalprinciplesformakingbreeding(oritisakeyto)