基于ZEMAX的水汽激光雷达接收系统光学性能分析论文.pdf

基于ZEMAX的水汽激光雷达接收系统光学性能分析摘要光学系统作为激光雷达的核心部分,它的设计优劣直接关系到激光雷达的性能和质量。本文主旨是将光学设计软件应用于激光雷达的光学系统中,利用光学设计软件强大的功能对系统设计建模,并优化改善光学效率。本课题研究的水汽、云和气溶胶探测激光雷达一部主要用于探测水汽的拉曼激光雷达,由于水汽在大气中含量少,并且水汽拉曼信号十分微弱,所以回波信号的接收效率对于拉曼激光雷达系统至关重要。本套激光雷达系统的接收部分的设计较为复杂,除接收水汽信号外,还探测气溶胶、云等大气信息,因此尽管系统的主要设计已经成型,还需对系统进行模拟优化。本文将激光雷达接收系统分成三个部分——光纤耦合系统,望远镜端口系统,光谱分光系统,一共包括6个通道——三个拉曼通道,一个1064通道,两个532偏振通道。在光学设计软件ZEMAX的帮助下,对系统各个不同通道的光路光线追迹,逐步分析像差和成像光斑能量,以提高探测器的能量为目标,优化设计,确定了整个接收系统的相关参数,为系统的组装提供了参考依据。本文使用ZEMAX软件实现了对几何重叠因子的模拟。由于本套拉曼系统初始的设计下的近场信号接收效率偏低,通过详细分析光纤端面的侧向和轴向偏移、望远镜倾斜等方法,从理论上精确的增加了近场回波信号的接收效率。同时探讨并验证了侧向偏移光纤端面与倾斜望远镜光轴这两种提高近场接收效率的方法的结果是等效的,并提出用偏移光纤端面来替代倾斜望远镜或激光束光轴的做法,这样不仅能简化操作系统的组装、光路的准直,并能提高系统的装配稳定性。关键词:拉曼激光雷达;光学性能;ZEMAX;几何重叠因子ZEMAXBased Optical Analysis ofVapor-LiDARReceiving SystemAbstractThe optical part is the basic heart of a lidar system, which determinesits function and performance. The purpose of the paper is about how to make use of optical design software ZEMAX on a lidar’s optical system, and take advantage of its powerful features to model the system and improve the optical vapor, cloud and aerosol detection lidar is the paper’s researchtarget. It is mainly used for detecting water vapor in the atmosphere. Due to water vapor’s low content and weak signal, the reception efficiency concerns the ess of the Raman lidar. In addition, this lidar also detects clouds, aerosol and other atmospheric information, so plexdesign needs simulation and optimization although the basic design has been formed. The receiving system is divided into three parts: a fiber coupling system, a branch system, and a polychromator including six channels, three Raman channels, a 1064 channel, and two 532 polarization order to improve the energy detection efficiency, the paper ray-traced the six channels with ZEMAX software. With analyzing the ray direction, aberrations, image flare energy, uraterelevant parameters were calculated of t