《红楼梦》委婉语的研究.pdf

摘要摘要委婉语就是说话人因考虑到社会文化、心理、风俗、习惯等,而采用礼貌、间接、温和的说法,来代替无礼的、有明显刺激性的说法,从而起到交际中的“润滑剂”之作用。由于它的这一特殊作用,因而深受各族人民的喜爱和推崇,特别是汉语,委婉语的使用尤为丰富多彩。《红楼梦》的语言素有“语言艺术皇冠上的明珠”之美誉。它的语言表现形式多样、风格独特、内涵丰富、温婉隽永,历来被公认为是汉语艺术的集大成者。又因其所描写的是中国古代封建大家庭的特殊背景,所以在作品中出现了众多“怨而不怒”、“灵动避犯”、“积蕴丰厚"的委婉语。曹雪芹以他精湛的语言驾驭技艺,将委婉语运用得精妙独特,使之成为我国委婉修辞史上的奇葩,对后世文学语言有着巨大的影响。本文以《红楼梦》中的委婉语为研究对象,立足汉语本身,运用社会语言学、语用学、语义学等理论,较为系统地总结、梳理、分析了《红楼梦》中的委婉语。从主要构成类型及感情内涵、语言特色、使用中的制约因素、民族特色及文化心理因素等方面对《红楼梦》中的委婉语进行了阐释,以便进一步丰富、完善汉语委婉语研究和“红学" 研究。并结合对外汉语教学领域中的实践,以《红楼梦》中的委婉语为媒介,引起广大汉语教学工作者和学习者对汉语委婉语的重视,帮助汉语学习者更好地理解、使用委婉语,提高他们的汉语交际水平。关键词:《红楼梦》委婉语语言特色制约因素民族文化 Abstract Abstract nisnoted thatdue totheconsidering society,culture,psychology,custom,etc.,the rude and acrimonious saying should be taken place by thepolite,indirect and gentle style and meanwhile the“lubricant'’effect isachieved tothis particular effect,euphemism-has been widely usedandcanonized indifferent nations; furthermore,among them the use ofeuphemism inChinese ismore language used in The Dream ofRed Mansions hasbeen considered as‘‘thediamond oflanguage and art crovvTl’’and thesymbol of Chinese forthelanguage variety,unique style and abundant thespecial background of traditional feudalism inChinese,many literature works have showed isworthmentioning thattheeuphemism was skilled used by Cao Xueqin,who Was adept tomanage e the resplendence inrhetoricaleuphemism history inChinese which hasmade more effect onthe aftertime literatureworks。 This dissertationfocuses on theanalysis ofeuphemism used inThe Dream of Red Mansions based on theChinese language,and underlying thesystem ofsociolinguistics, pragmatics and semantics makes thesummary,hackling and analysis of the euphemism used inThe Dream of makes up themain body ofthis dissertation isthattheanalysis ofeuphemism fromthefollowing aspects:constructingtypes, emotionalexpressions,language features,determining factors,national features,cul